Sebastian Manfred Goller, Bernhard Schartel, Simone Krüger
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Replacing antimony trioxide (ATO) in flame retardant formulations is an urgent task due to its toxicity. There are indications that calcium hypophosphite (CaP) may be a promising replacement. This study investigates the decomposition, fire behavior, and smoke release of brominated flame-retarded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) under various fire scenarios like ignition, developing fire and smoldering, while replacing ATO with CaP and CaP/talc. Adding 4 wt.-% of talc to CaP formulations showed beneficial effects on flammability due to changes in the viscosity and barrier properties. Synergism between 8 wt.-% talc and CaP improved the protective layer in the developing fire scenario, resulting in a ∼60 % decrease in the peak of heat release rate and reduction of ∼21 % in total smoke production (ref. ABS+Br+ATO). With a conventional index of toxicity (CIT) of below 0.75, ABS+Br+CaP passes the highest requirements according to EN 45545-2. Overall, the CaP/talc materials improve flame retardancy, show less smoke emission under forced flaming conditions, and prevent chronic intoxication and environmental pollution through smoke particles contaminated with antimony.
由于三氧化二锑(ATO)的毒性,替代其在阻燃剂配方中的应用已成为当务之急。有迹象表明,次磷酸钙(CaP)可能是一种很有前途的替代品。本研究调查了用 CaP 和 CaP/talc 替代 ATO 时,溴化阻燃丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)在着火、发火和燃烧等各种火灾情况下的分解、火灾行为和烟雾释放情况。在 CaP 配方中添加 4 wt.-% 的滑石粉会因粘度和阻隔性能的变化而对可燃性产生有利影响。8 wt.-%的滑石粉和 CaP 的协同作用改善了火势蔓延情况下的保护层,使热释放率峰值降低了 60%,总产烟量减少了 21%(参考 ABS+Br+ATO)。ABS+Br+CaP 的常规毒性指数 (CIT) 低于 0.75,符合 EN 45545-2 的最高要求。总之,CaP/铜材料提高了阻燃性,在强制燃烧条件下减少了烟雾排放,防止了烟雾中的锑污染颗粒造成慢性中毒和环境污染。
期刊介绍:
Thermochimica Acta publishes original research contributions covering all aspects of thermoanalytical and calorimetric methods and their application to experimental chemistry, physics, biology and engineering. The journal aims to span the whole range from fundamental research to practical application.
The journal focuses on the research that advances physical and analytical science of thermal phenomena. Therefore, the manuscripts are expected to provide important insights into the thermal phenomena studied or to propose significant improvements of analytical or computational techniques employed in thermal studies. Manuscripts that report the results of routine thermal measurements are not suitable for publication in Thermochimica Acta.
The journal particularly welcomes papers from newly emerging areas as well as from the traditional strength areas:
- New and improved instrumentation and methods
- Thermal properties and behavior of materials
- Kinetics of thermally stimulated processes