Boudinage and folding of oblique single layers in bulk constrictional strain fields: Results from analogue modelling

IF 2.6 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Chao Cheng , Janet Zulauf , Gernold Zulauf , Elke Hattingen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

We conducted scaled analogue modelling to show the influence of varying single layer initial orientation on the geometry of folds and boudins in a bulk constrictional strain field. The initial angle between the plane of shortening and the competent layer (θZ(i)) was incrementally increased from 0° to 90° by multiples of 11.25°. While the amount of layer thickening decreased with increasing θZ(i), the deformation structures produced range from pure dome-and-basin folds to coeval folds and boudins. Based on the attitude of fold axes, there are extension-parallel (FEPR) and extension-perpendicular (FEPP) folds, with axes subparallel and subperpendicular to the principal stretching axis (X), respectively. Coeval growth of FEPR folds and boudins occurred when θZ(i) > ca. 25°. The FEPP folds can be subdivided into a first type which affect the entire layer (if θZ(i) ranges between 11.25 and 78.75°) and a second type, referred to as FBEPP folds, which are affecting pre-existing boudins if θZ(i) > 45°. The interlimb angle of all types of folds increases with increasing θZ(i). Folds and boudins similar to the ones produced in this study can be found in salt domes and in tectonites of subduction zones.

块状收缩应变场中斜单层的布丁化和折叠:模拟建模的结果
我们进行了比例模拟建模,以显示在体收缩应变场中,不同单层初始方向对褶皱和包金几何形状的影响。缩短平面与主管层之间的初始角度(θZ(i))以 11.25° 的倍数从 0° 递增到 90°。虽然随着θZ(i)的增大,层增厚量减少,但产生的变形结构从纯粹的穹盆褶皱到共生褶皱和褶皱。根据褶皱轴的姿态,可分为平行延伸(FEPR)褶皱和垂直延伸(FEPP)褶皱,其轴线分别与主拉伸轴(X)近平行和近垂直。当θZ(i) > 约为 25° 时,FEPR 褶皱和褶皱发生共生。FEPP褶皱可细分为第一种类型,即影响整个层(θZ(i) 在 11.25 和 78.75° 之间);第二种类型称为 FBEPP 褶皱,即影响预先存在的褶皱(θZ(i) > 45°)。所有类型褶皱的肢间角都随着 θZ(i) 的增大而增大。在盐穹窿和俯冲带的构造岩中,可以发现与本研究中产生的褶皱和包岩类似的褶皱和包岩。
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来源期刊
Journal of Structural Geology
Journal of Structural Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
19.40%
发文量
192
审稿时长
15.7 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Structural Geology publishes process-oriented investigations about structural geology using appropriate combinations of analog and digital field data, seismic reflection data, satellite-derived data, geometric analysis, kinematic analysis, laboratory experiments, computer visualizations, and analogue or numerical modelling on all scales. Contributions are encouraged to draw perspectives from rheology, rock mechanics, geophysics,metamorphism, sedimentology, petroleum geology, economic geology, geodynamics, planetary geology, tectonics and neotectonics to provide a more powerful understanding of deformation processes and systems. Given the visual nature of the discipline, supplementary materials that portray the data and analysis in 3-D or quasi 3-D manners, including the use of videos, and/or graphical abstracts can significantly strengthen the impact of contributions.
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