Mingzhen Li , Guangzhou Mao , Zhengjiang Ding , Qinglin Xu , Huiji Zhao , Yanchao Han , Tieliang He
{"title":"Genesis of the Panzijian gold deposit in Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern China: Insights from fluid inclusion and isotopes","authors":"Mingzhen Li , Guangzhou Mao , Zhengjiang Ding , Qinglin Xu , Huiji Zhao , Yanchao Han , Tieliang He","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100177","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Panzijian gold deposit is located in the Jiaobei uplift on the eastern margin of North China Craton. It is a quartz vein-type gold deposit in the southern end of the Qixia-Penglai ore belt. In order to explore the source and properties of ore-forming fluids and materials in the Panzijian gold deposit, explore the ore-forming process and reveal the genesis of the deposit, this work has carried out petrographic observation and temperature measurement of gold-bearing quartz fluid inclusions, laser Raman experiment, gold-bearing quartz H–O isotope study, and gold-bearing pyrite Pb isotope study. The Panjian gold deposit is divided into four metallogenic stages and the metallogenic stage Ⅲ is the main gold mineralization stage. Fluid inclusions show that the ore-forming fluids at the Panzijian gold deposit belong to a CO<sub>2</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O–NaCl system with low temperature (172–341 °C), salinity (1.57–10.49 wt% NaCl), and density (0.79–0.96 g/cm<sup>3</sup>). Gold-bearing Quartz H–O isotopic data (δD = −79.8 to −65.1‰, δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>H2O</sub> = 1.33–2.63‰) show that the ore-forming fluid was derived from the mixing of magmatic water and meteoric water. Gold-bearing Pyrite Pb isotopes with crustal signature (<sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 16.06–16.943, <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 15.337–15.858, <sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb = 37.143–38.081, and <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb = 1.025–1.105) support that some ore-forming materials were crust-derived. We proposed a metallogenic model for the Panzijian gold deposit: Stress transition of Jiaobei uplift tectonic system inducing asthenospheric upwelling. The lithostatic pressure dropped and fluids were exsolved from the magma. The ore-forming fluid ascended along local faults and the pressure further dropped, resulting in fluid immiscibility and gold deposition along structural traps (e.g., faults).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000151/pdfft?md5=c175166c0eeb37109f0aa62948b6efa3&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000151-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Solid Earth Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000151","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The Panzijian gold deposit is located in the Jiaobei uplift on the eastern margin of North China Craton. It is a quartz vein-type gold deposit in the southern end of the Qixia-Penglai ore belt. In order to explore the source and properties of ore-forming fluids and materials in the Panzijian gold deposit, explore the ore-forming process and reveal the genesis of the deposit, this work has carried out petrographic observation and temperature measurement of gold-bearing quartz fluid inclusions, laser Raman experiment, gold-bearing quartz H–O isotope study, and gold-bearing pyrite Pb isotope study. The Panjian gold deposit is divided into four metallogenic stages and the metallogenic stage Ⅲ is the main gold mineralization stage. Fluid inclusions show that the ore-forming fluids at the Panzijian gold deposit belong to a CO2–H2O–NaCl system with low temperature (172–341 °C), salinity (1.57–10.49 wt% NaCl), and density (0.79–0.96 g/cm3). Gold-bearing Quartz H–O isotopic data (δD = −79.8 to −65.1‰, δ18OH2O = 1.33–2.63‰) show that the ore-forming fluid was derived from the mixing of magmatic water and meteoric water. Gold-bearing Pyrite Pb isotopes with crustal signature (206Pb/204Pb = 16.06–16.943, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.337–15.858, 208Pb/204Pb = 37.143–38.081, and 206Pb/207Pb = 1.025–1.105) support that some ore-forming materials were crust-derived. We proposed a metallogenic model for the Panzijian gold deposit: Stress transition of Jiaobei uplift tectonic system inducing asthenospheric upwelling. The lithostatic pressure dropped and fluids were exsolved from the magma. The ore-forming fluid ascended along local faults and the pressure further dropped, resulting in fluid immiscibility and gold deposition along structural traps (e.g., faults).