Central neural mechanisms of cancer cachexia.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1097/SPC.0000000000000707

Michael S Yule, Leo R Brown, Richard J E Skipworth, Barry J A Laird

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Cachexia is a devasting syndrome which impacts a large number of patients with cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the central mechanisms of cancer cachexia. In particular, it focuses on the role of the central nervous system (CNS), the melanocortin system, circulating hormones and molecules which are produced by and act on the CNS and the psychological symptoms of cancer cachexia.

Recent findings: A growing body of evidence suggests that a central mechanism of action underpins this multi-system disorder. Recent research has focused on the role of neuroinflammation that drives the sickness behaviour seen in cancer cachexia, with emphasis on the role of the hypothalamus. Melanocortin receptor antagonists are showing promise in preclinical studies. There are also new pharmacological developments to overcome the short half-life of ghrelin. GDF-15 has been identified as a core target and trials of compounds that interfere with its signalling or its central receptor are underway.

Summary: Understanding the central mechanisms of cancer cachexia is pivotal for enhancing treatment outcomes in patients. While emerging pharmacological interventions targeting these pathways have shown promise, further research is essential.

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癌症恶病质的中枢神经机制

审查目的：恶病质是一种影响大量癌症患者的严重综合征。本综述旨在全面概述癌症恶病质的核心机制。它尤其关注中枢神经系统（CNS）的作用、黑色素皮质素系统、由中枢神经系统产生并作用于中枢神经系统的循环激素和分子，以及癌症恶病质的心理症状：越来越多的证据表明，中枢作用机制是这种多系统疾病的基础。最近的研究主要集中在神经炎症对癌症恶病质病态行为的驱动作用，重点是下丘脑的作用。黑色素皮质素受体拮抗剂在临床前研究中显示出前景。在克服胃泌素半衰期短的问题上，也有了新的药理发展。GDF-15 已被确定为核心靶点，干扰其信号或其中心受体的化合物试验正在进行中。摘要：了解癌症恶病质的中心机制对于提高患者的治疗效果至关重要。虽然针对这些通路的新兴药物干预已显示出前景，但进一步的研究仍必不可少。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.