Mutual inhibition of Aspergillus flavus and Auricularia auricula mycelium for the prevention of competing diseases during growth of fungi

IF 21.8 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI:10.1007/s42114-024-00898-3

Mengjie Yang, Haisheng Zhang, Ethan Burcar, William Winchester, Erin Witherspoon, Zeinhom M. El-Bahy, Mohamed H. Helal, Hui Dang, Mohammed A. Amin, Baoshan Zhang, Yu Zhao, Xianpan Bu, Zhe Wang

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Abstract

Auricularia auricula is one of the main edible fungi widely cultivated in China. Aspergillus flavus is the most common class of pathogenic bacteria fungi that produces the high toxicity of the aflatoxins, which is one of the fungal diseases of A. auricula. Morphological observation of A. flavus mycelium and A. auricula mycelium in plate confrontation, mutual inhibition of growth at different germination times, and the interaction of A. flavus liquid culture solution and A. flavus volatiles with A. auricula mycelium were used to investigate the mechanism of the interaction between A. flavus and A. auricula mycelium. Mycelium of A. auricula and A. flavus had a mutual inhibitory effect, but A. auricula mycelia had a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth of A. flavus mycelia. The results of the interaction between A. flavus volatiles and A. auricula volatiles were also the same and the inhibition of A. flavus by volatiles from A. auricula mycelium about 11%. After 240 h, the inhibition rate of A. flavus liquid culture solution on A. auricula mycelium reached up to about 20%. Some antimicrobial substances such as small peptides and organic acids produced in the metabolites of A. flavus liquid culture solution were the main reasons of the growth inhibition of A. auricula mycelium. The main inhibitory substances were 2-butanone, 2-butanone dimer, etc. Further study of AFT B₁ and AFT B₂ revealed that aflatoxins could migrate from the medium to the mycelia and the fruiting body of A. auricula, but the migration rate was basically lower than 10‱. The mycelia of A. auricula had a strong degradation of aflatoxins in the growth process. So, the mechanism of antifungal activity of these substances was studied to provide a theoretical basis for future chemical synthesis.

Graphical Abstract

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在真菌生长过程中，黄曲霉和金耳朵菌丝体相互抑制以防止竞争性病害的发生

金针菇是我国广泛栽培的主要食用菌之一。黄曲霉菌是最常见的一类致病性细菌真菌，能产生高毒性的黄曲霉毒素，是金耳朵的真菌病害之一。通过黄曲霉菌丝与金针菇菌丝在平板对抗中的形态观察、不同发芽时间下的相互抑制生长、黄曲霉液体培养液和黄曲霉挥发物与金针菇菌丝的相互作用，研究黄曲霉与金针菇菌丝相互作用的机理。枳壳菌丝体与黄曲霉菌丝体有相互抑制作用，但枳壳菌丝体对黄曲霉菌丝体的生长有更强的抑制作用。黄曲霉挥发物与金针菇挥发物的交互作用结果也相同，金针菇菌丝体挥发物对黄曲霉的抑制率约为 11%。240 小时后，黄曲霉液体培养液对金针菇菌丝体的抑制率达到 20%左右。黄曲霉液体培养液代谢产物中产生的一些抗菌物质，如小肽和有机酸等，是抑制金针菇菌丝生长的主要原因。主要抑制物质为 2-丁酮、2-丁酮二聚体等。对 AFT B1 和 AFT B2 的进一步研究表明，黄曲霉毒素可以从培养基迁移到金针菇菌丝体和子实体中，但迁移率基本上低于 10‱。金针菇菌丝体在生长过程中对黄曲霉毒素有较强的降解作用。因此，研究这些物质的抗真菌活性机理，为今后的化学合成提供理论依据。

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来源期刊

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

26.00

自引率

21.40%

发文量

185

期刊介绍： Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials is a leading international journal that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biologists, and physicists working on composites, including nanocomposites. Our aim is to facilitate rapid scientific communication in this field. The journal publishes high-quality research on various aspects of composite materials, including materials design, surface and interface science/engineering, manufacturing, structure control, property design, device fabrication, and other applications. We also welcome simulation and modeling studies that are relevant to composites. Additionally, papers focusing on the relationship between fillers and the matrix are of particular interest. Our scope includes polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with a special emphasis on reviews and meta-analyses related to materials selection. We cover a wide range of topics, including transport properties, strategies for controlling interfaces and composition distribution, bottom-up assembly of nanocomposites, highly porous and high-density composites, electronic structure design, materials synergisms, and thermoelectric materials. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials follows a rigorous single-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and integrity of the published work.