{"title":"Silica Functionalized Almond Gum Derivatives for Integrated Flocculation Cycles for Natural and Synthetic Water Systems","authors":"Munmun Choudhary, Sumit Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s10924-024-03299-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural gum-based flocculants are prevalent for water treatment, still their efficiency can be improved by the incorporation of eco-friendly inorganic fillers. Such inorganic–organic-based hybrid materials need to be explored more in natural and synthetic water systems for their proof of concept and related applications. Hybrid almond gum (Amg) grafted polyacrylamide/silica-based composite (Amg-g-PAM/SiO<sub>2</sub>) was synthesized and assessed as a flocculant for natural and synthetic water systems. The synthesis was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the chemical, structural, thermal, and surface properties. The synthesized grades of Amg-g-PAM and Amg-g-PAM/SiO<sub>2</sub> were tested for their flocculation performance in kaolin, iron ore and MWCNT suspensions. pH and temperature variations, zeta potential measurements were studied on neutral kaolin suspension. The best flocculation efficiency was observed to be 98%, 96%, 95% and 92% in MWCNT, kaolin, iron ore suspensions and river water respectively at pH 4 and 25 °C. Overall, Amg-g-PAM/SiO<sub>2</sub> flocculant possesses unique characteristics of conventional branched graft copolymers which increases easy approachability towards suspended particles while its inorganic counterpart enhances adsorption. Thus, this hybrid flocculant is better than any of its individual inorganic or organic counterparts in terms of flocculation efficacy.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":659,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Polymers and the Environment","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10924-024-03299-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Natural gum-based flocculants are prevalent for water treatment, still their efficiency can be improved by the incorporation of eco-friendly inorganic fillers. Such inorganic–organic-based hybrid materials need to be explored more in natural and synthetic water systems for their proof of concept and related applications. Hybrid almond gum (Amg) grafted polyacrylamide/silica-based composite (Amg-g-PAM/SiO2) was synthesized and assessed as a flocculant for natural and synthetic water systems. The synthesis was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the chemical, structural, thermal, and surface properties. The synthesized grades of Amg-g-PAM and Amg-g-PAM/SiO2 were tested for their flocculation performance in kaolin, iron ore and MWCNT suspensions. pH and temperature variations, zeta potential measurements were studied on neutral kaolin suspension. The best flocculation efficiency was observed to be 98%, 96%, 95% and 92% in MWCNT, kaolin, iron ore suspensions and river water respectively at pH 4 and 25 °C. Overall, Amg-g-PAM/SiO2 flocculant possesses unique characteristics of conventional branched graft copolymers which increases easy approachability towards suspended particles while its inorganic counterpart enhances adsorption. Thus, this hybrid flocculant is better than any of its individual inorganic or organic counterparts in terms of flocculation efficacy.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.
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