Detonation inhibition using retardant weight analysis for halogenated compounds

IF 1.7 4区 工程技术 Q3 MECHANICS
R. K. Singh, A. Dahake, A. V. Singh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The current study numerically evaluates the detonation inhibition effects of a range of halogenated compounds on hydrogen-air gaseous detonations. The halogenated compounds investigated in this research encompass halogen acids (HI, HBr, HCl, HF), halomethanes (\(\hbox {CH}_{{3}}\hbox {I}\), \(\hbox {CH}_{{3}}\hbox {Br}\), \(\hbox {CH}_{{3}}\hbox {Cl}\), \(\hbox {CH}_{{3}}\hbox {F}\)), haloethenes (\(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{3}}\hbox {I}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{3}}\hbox {Br}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{3}}\hbox {Cl}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{3}}\hbox {F}\)), haloethanes (\(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {I}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {Br}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {Cl}\), \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {F}\)), and complex halogenated compounds (\(\hbox {CF}_{{3}}\hbox {I}\), \(\hbox {CF}_{{3}}\hbox {Br}\), \(\hbox {CF}_{{3}}\hbox {Cl}\), \(\hbox {CF}_{4}\)). The study employs a one-dimensional ZND model with detailed chemical kinetics to examine the impact on detonation propagation by adding these halogenated compounds to hydrogen-air mixtures. The effectiveness of these inhibitors is evaluated based on their capacity to increase the induction length, the amount of inhibitor needed to attenuate a detonation wave, and their influence on the detonability of the gaseous mixture under both lean and rich conditions. The results indicate that several halogenated compounds exhibit superior inhibition properties compared to Halon 1301 (\(\hbox {CF}_{{3}}\hbox {Br}\)). Specifically, \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {Br}\) leads to the most significant increase in the induction length, with HBr and \(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{{5}}\hbox {I}\) following closely, particularly at 20,000 ppmv concentration levels. However, it is worth noting that the inhibition efficiency also varies depending on the concentration of the inhibitor added to the gaseous \(\hbox {H}_{{2}}\)-air mixture. Moreover, based on retardant weight analysis, fluorinated compounds were found to be the most effective inhibitors, followed by chlorinated, brominated, and iodinated compounds across all categories of halogenated inhibitors.

Abstract Image

利用卤化化合物的阻燃剂重量分析法抑制爆燃
目前的研究以数值方式评估了一系列卤代化合物对氢气-空气气态爆轰的抑制效果。本研究中调查的卤素化合物包括卤酸(HI、HBr、HCl、HF)、卤甲烷(\(\hbox {CH}_{{3}}\hbox {I}\)、\(\hbox {CH}_{3}}\hbox {Br}\)、\(\hbox {CH}_{3}}\hbox {Cl}\)、\((\hbox {CH}_{3}}\hbox {F}\)),卤乙烯((\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{3}}\hbox {I}\),(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{3}}\hbox {Br}\),(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{3}}\hbox {Cl}\)、\卤乙烷(\(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{3}}\hbox {F}/))、卤乙烷(\(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{5}}\hbox {I}/)、\(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{5}}\hbox {Br}/)、\(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{5}}\hbox {Cl}/)、\和复杂的卤代化合物(\(\hbox {CF}_{{3}\hbox {I}\),\(\hbox {CF}_{3}\hbox {Br}\),\(\hbox {CF}_{3}\hbox {Cl}},\(\hbox {CF}_{4}\) )。该研究采用了一个具有详细化学动力学的一维 ZND 模型,以研究在氢气-空气混合物中添加这些卤代化合物对引爆传播的影响。根据这些抑制剂增加诱导长度的能力、减弱爆轰波所需的抑制剂用量以及它们在贫气和富气条件下对气态混合物可爆性的影响,对这些抑制剂的有效性进行了评估。结果表明,与哈龙 1301(\(\hbox {CF}_{{3}}\hbox {Br}\)相比,几种卤代化合物表现出更优越的抑制特性。)具体来说,\(\hbox {C}_{{2}}\hbox {H}_{5}}\hbox {Br}\) 导致的诱导长度增加最为显著,HBr 和 \(\hbox {C}_{2}}\hbox {H}_{5}}\hbox {I}\) 紧随其后,尤其是在 20,000 ppmv 的浓度水平上。然而,值得注意的是,抑制效率也会随着添加到气态 \(\hbox {H}_{{2}}\)-air 混合物中的抑制剂浓度而变化。此外,根据阻燃剂重量分析,在所有卤化阻燃剂类别中,氟化合物是最有效的阻燃剂,其次是氯化、溴化和碘化化合物。
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来源期刊
Shock Waves
Shock Waves 物理-力学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
41
审稿时长
17.4 months
期刊介绍: Shock Waves provides a forum for presenting and discussing new results in all fields where shock and detonation phenomena play a role. The journal addresses physicists, engineers and applied mathematicians working on theoretical, experimental or numerical issues, including diagnostics and flow visualization. The research fields considered include, but are not limited to, aero- and gas dynamics, acoustics, physical chemistry, condensed matter and plasmas, with applications encompassing materials sciences, space sciences, geosciences, life sciences and medicine. Of particular interest are contributions which provide insights into fundamental aspects of the techniques that are relevant to more than one specific research community. The journal publishes scholarly research papers, invited review articles and short notes, as well as comments on papers already published in this journal. Occasionally concise meeting reports of interest to the Shock Waves community are published.
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