GG20-GCI Brake Drum: The Effect of Mn/S on Machinability and Tensile Behavior

IF 2.6 3区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

International Journal of Metalcasting Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI:10.1007/s40962-024-01355-z

Hanie Ghanbari, Mostafa Ketabchi, Esmaeil Damavandi

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Abstract

This study aims to assess the influence of the Mn to S ratios on the machinability and tensile behavior of GG20-gray cast iron brake drums. The effect of various Mn and S contents on microstructural characteristics such as type, size, and aspect ratio of graphite particles, interlamellar spacing of pearlite, and the distribution factor, size, and volume fraction of MnS were investigated. The microstructural results showed that a decrease in the Mn/S ratio to 5.1 and a decrease in the Ti/S ratio to under 0.11 promote the lengthy A-type graphite formation. Meanwhile, with the %Mn × %S value of about 0.08, the best uniform distribution of MnS inclusions has been obtained (about 55% of MnS inclusions are near A-type graphite flakes in the P1 specimen with %Mn × %S about 0.08 and Mn/S value of 5.1). Good machining in terms of less wear of the cutting tool and easier fragmentation of the chip in the sample with Mn/S value of 1.5 (0.65% Mn and 0.128% Sulfur) due to having more MnS inclusions, as well as a larger grain size graphite and its high aspect ratio have been obtained. The minimum tensile strength has been calculated to be 193MPa in the specimen with Mn/S value of 3.5 (0.55% manganese and 0.156% sulfur) due to the effects of higher sulfur content on changing the morphology of graphite to a higher aspect ratio. Meanwhile, at the same content of Mn (almost 0.55 wt%), further reduction of sulfur results in promoting E and D types of graphite in the microstructure.

Graphic Abstract

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GG20-GCI 制动鼓：Mn/S 对机械加工性能和拉伸行为的影响

本研究旨在评估 Mn 与 S 的比率对 GG20 灰口铸铁制动鼓的可加工性和拉伸性能的影响。研究了不同 Mn 和 S 含量对微观结构特征的影响，如石墨颗粒的类型、尺寸和长宽比，珠光体的层间间距，以及 MnS 的分布因子、尺寸和体积分数。微观结构结果表明，Mn/S 比降至 5.1 和 Ti/S 比降至 0.11 以下会促进 A 型石墨的形成。同时，当 Mn × S%值约为 0.08 时，MnS夹杂物的分布均匀度最佳（在 Mn × S%值约为 0.08 和 Mn/S 值为 5.1 的 P1 试样中，约 55% 的 MnS 夹杂物靠近 A 型石墨片）。在 Mn/S 值为 1.5（锰含量为 0.65%，硫含量为 0.128%）的试样中，由于含有更多的 MnS 杂质，以及石墨晶粒尺寸更大、长宽比更高，因此切削工具的磨损更小，切屑更容易破碎，从而获得了良好的加工效果。在 Mn/S 值为 3.5（锰含量为 0.55%，硫含量为 0.156%）的试样中，计算得出的最小抗拉强度为 193MPa。同时，在相同的锰含量（近 0.55 wt%）下，进一步降低硫含量可促进微观结构中 E 型和 D 型石墨的形成。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Metalcasting 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

42.30%

发文量

174

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Metalcasting is dedicated to leading the transfer of research and technology for the global metalcasting industry. The quarterly publication keeps the latest developments in metalcasting research and technology in front of the scientific leaders in our global industry throughout the year. All papers published in the the journal are approved after a rigorous peer review process. The editorial peer review board represents three international metalcasting groups: academia (metalcasting professors), science and research (personnel from national labs, research and scientific institutions), and industry (leading technical personnel from metalcasting facilities).