Mpox in people with HIV: A narrative review

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

HIV Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1111/hiv.13661

Hideta Nakamura, Kazuko Yamamoto

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Abstract

Objective

The 2022 global mpox outbreak disproportionately impacted people living with HIV. This review explores recent evidence on mpox in this group, focusing on clinical presentation, complications, treatment modalities and vaccine strategies.

Recent findings

Recent studies have suggested that people with HIV diagnosed with mpox have a greater risk of proctitis and hospitalization compared with people without HIV. In addition, those with advanced immunosuppression face an elevated risk of severe mpox infection, which can lead to mortality. Comprehensive and prompt supportive care using antiretrovirals and mpox antivirals is crucial in this group. Although results from randomized clinical trials are still forthcoming, recent studies suggest that early initiation of tecovirimat can prevent disease progression in people with HIV. The non-replicative attenuated smallpox vaccine is well tolerated and effective in preventing monkeypox virus infections in people with HIV. Further studies are needed regarding long-term vaccine effectiveness for this population.

Conclusion

Evaluating the risk of severe mpox in people living with HIV requires assessing the level of immune suppression and viral control. Universal access to vaccination is imperative to prevent the resurgence of future outbreaks.

Abstract Image

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艾滋病毒感染者的 Mpox：叙述性综述。

目标：2022 年全球爆发的麻腮风对艾滋病毒感染者的影响尤为严重。本综述探讨了有关这一群体感染水痘的最新证据，重点关注临床表现、并发症、治疗方法和疫苗策略：最近的研究表明，与未感染艾滋病病毒的人相比，被诊断患有麻腮风的艾滋病病毒感染者患直肠炎和住院的风险更大。此外，晚期免疫抑制患者发生严重水痘感染的风险更高，可能导致死亡。使用抗逆转录病毒药物和麻腮风抗病毒药物进行全面、及时的支持性治疗对这类患者至关重要。尽管随机临床试验的结果还没有出来，但最近的研究表明，尽早开始使用替考韦利马特可以防止艾滋病病毒感染者的病情恶化。非复制减毒天花疫苗在预防艾滋病病毒感染者感染猴痘病毒方面具有良好的耐受性和有效性。关于疫苗对这一人群的长期有效性，还需要进一步研究：评估艾滋病毒感染者感染严重猴痘的风险需要评估免疫抑制和病毒控制水平。普及疫苗接种是防止未来疫情再次爆发的当务之急。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

HIV Medicine 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

167

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： HIV Medicine aims to provide an alternative outlet for publication of international research papers in the field of HIV Medicine, embracing clinical, pharmocological, epidemiological, ethical, preclinical and in vitro studies. In addition, the journal will commission reviews and other feature articles. It will focus on evidence-based medicine as the mainstay of successful management of HIV and AIDS. The journal is specifically aimed at researchers and clinicians with responsibility for treating HIV seropositive patients.