Factors associated with keratoconus in Israel—A cross-sectional population-based study

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Acta Ophthalmologica Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI:10.1111/aos.16706

Or Ben-Shaul, Adi Segal, Sharon Schwartz, Nili Stein, Michael Hyams, Walid Saliba, Michael Mimouni

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

To identify potential factors associated with keratoconus.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data from Israel's largest healthcare provider for the years 2005–2020. Keratoconus patients and age-matched controls were identified. Demographic factors and comorbid conditions, including smoking, diabetes mellitus, asthma, myalgia, mental retardation, Down syndrome, atopic dermatitis and allergy/allergic rhinitis, were compared between the two cohorts. The independent risk factors associated with keratoconus were determined using a multivariable conditional logistic regression model.

Results

Overall, 145 508 subjects were reviewed of which 13 228 were keratoconus patients. A ten-fold group (n = 132 280) of age-matched control subjects served as controls for comparisons. In multivariable analysis, several factors were found to be significantly associated with keratoconus. Male gender (OR = 1.27, p < 0.001), Arab ethnicity (OR = 1.50, p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.19, p < 0.001), asthma (OR = 1.50, p < 0.001), myalgia (OR = 1.09, p = 0.02), mental retardation (OR = 2.63, p < 0.001), atopic dermatitis (OR = 1.35, p < 0.001) and allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.21, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with keratoconus. Smoking was significantly protective of keratoconus (OR = 0.66, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This population-based study reports male gender, Arab ethnicity, diabetes, asthma, myalgia, mental retardation/Down syndrome, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis as factors associated with keratoconus while smoking demonstrates a protective effect. The results of this study could guide enhanced screening strategies and early interventions, particularly for high-risk groups.

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以色列与角膜炎相关的因素--一项基于人口的横断面研究。

目的：确定与角膜炎相关的潜在因素：这项横断面研究包括以色列最大的医疗保健提供商 2005-2020 年的数据。确定了角膜炎患者和年龄匹配的对照组。比较了两组患者的人口统计学因素和合并症，包括吸烟、糖尿病、哮喘、肌痛、智力迟钝、唐氏综合征、特应性皮炎和过敏/过敏性鼻炎。使用多变量条件逻辑回归模型确定了与角膜炎相关的独立风险因素：共对 145 508 名受试者进行了复查，其中 13 228 人为角膜炎患者。年龄匹配的十倍对照组（n = 132 280）作为比较对照。在多变量分析中发现，有几个因素与角膜塑形镜明显相关。男性性别（OR = 1.27，p 结论：男性与角膜塑形镜的相关性较高：这项基于人群的研究发现，男性性别、阿拉伯人种、糖尿病、哮喘、肌痛、智力迟钝/唐氏综合征、特应性皮炎和过敏性鼻炎是与角膜炎相关的因素，而吸烟则具有保护作用。这项研究的结果可指导加强筛查策略和早期干预，尤其是针对高危人群。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Ophthalmologica 医学-眼科学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

5.90%

发文量

433

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Acta Ophthalmologica is published on behalf of the Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation and is the official scientific publication of the following societies: The Danish Ophthalmological Society, The Finnish Ophthalmological Society, The Icelandic Ophthalmological Society, The Norwegian Ophthalmological Society and The Swedish Ophthalmological Society, and also the European Association for Vision and Eye Research (EVER). Acta Ophthalmologica publishes clinical and experimental original articles, reviews, editorials, educational photo essays (Diagnosis and Therapy in Ophthalmology), case reports and case series, letters to the editor and doctoral theses.