The Role of Phthalocyanine-Gold Nanoconjugates (Pc-Au NCs) in Ameliorating the Hepatic and Renal Toxicity-Induced by Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in Male Rats.

IF 3.4 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Biological Trace Element Research Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI:10.1007/s12011-024-04209-1
Heba A H Abd Elhameed, Mai S Attia, Amira A A Mohamed, Shaimaa M I Alexeree, Eman I El Behery, Mahmoud Alagawany, Mayada R Farag, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Mahmoud M Azzam, Suzan Attia Mawed
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Recently, gold nanoparticles (Au Nps) have gained tremendous attention for its unique properties as a safe nanocarrier for delivering drugs that are used in different disease diagnoses. Although silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been generally applied due to their strong antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antimicrobial properties, their toxicity is a subject of sustained debate, thus requiring further studies. The present study aims to evaluate the potential protective effect of gold nanoparticles and phthalocyanine-gold nanoconjugates (Pc-Au NCs) against the hepatorenal toxicity of silver nanoparticles in male rats. Herein, 60 adult male Rattus norvegicus rats were divided into six equal groups (n = 10/group); the first group was kept as control, the second received gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) intraperitoneally (10 µg/kg) daily for 3 weeks, the third group is gold-phthalocyanine (Pc-Au) group where rats were injected intraperitoneally with gold-phthalocyanine for 3 weeks (10 µg/kg), the fourth group received silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (4 mg/kg) daily intraperitoneally for 3 weeks, the fifth group is silver + gold nanoparticles group (Ag + Au), and the sixth is silver + gold-phthalocyanine nanoconjugates (Ag + Pc-Au) group in which rats were intraperitoneally injected firstly with Ag NPs (4 mg/kg) for 3 weeks then with gold or gold-phthalocyanine for another 3 weeks (10 µg/kg). Our results revealed that Ag NPs could increase the serum AST, ALT, ALP, urea, creatinine, and lipid profile and significantly decreased the total protein and albumin. Moreover, histopathological alterations detected in the kidney and the liver of the Ag NPs group included vascular congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, and tissue distortion. Alongside, exposure to Ag NPs induces hepatic and renal oxidative stress by suppressing the antioxidant-related genes including glutathione peroxidase 1 (gpx1), superoxide dismutase (sod), and catalase (cat). Ag NPs also upregulated the hepatic and renal genes involved in inflammation such as the interleukin-6 (il-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κβ), apoptosis such as the BCL2 associated X (bax), casp3, and other related to metabolism including asparagine synthetase (asns), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (socs3), MYC proto-oncogene (myc), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (ccl2). On the other hand, treatment with Au NPs and Pc-Au NCs could effectively ameliorate the hepatorenal damages induced by Ag NPs and improve liver and kidney architecture and function, especially in the Pc-Au NCs group. Briefly, our study revealed the underlined mechanism of Ag NPs hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects and that Pc-Au NCs could alleviate these adverse impacts via their anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Abstract Image

酞菁-金纳米共轭物(Pc-Au NCs)在改善银纳米颗粒(Ag NPs)引起的雄性大鼠肝肾毒性中的作用
近来,金纳米粒子(Au Nps)因其作为安全纳米载体的独特性能而备受关注,可用于不同疾病的药物输送。虽然银纳米粒子(Ag NPs)因其强大的抗菌、抗病毒、抗真菌和抗微生物特性而被广泛应用,但其毒性一直是争论的焦点,因此需要进一步研究。本研究旨在评估金纳米粒子和酞菁-金纳米共轭物(Pc-Au NCs)对雄性大鼠肝肾毒性的潜在保护作用。将 60 只成年雄性大鼠分为 6 组(n = 10/组);第一组为对照组,第二组每天腹腔注射金纳米粒子(Au NPs)(10 µg/kg),连续 3 周;第三组为金酞菁组(Pc-Au),每天腹腔注射金酞菁(10 µg/kg),连续 3 周;第四组每天腹腔注射银纳米粒子(Ag NPs)(4 mg/kg),连续 3 周、第五组是银+金纳米粒子组(Ag + Au),第六组是银+金-酞菁纳米共轭物组(Ag + Pc-Au),即先腹腔注射银纳米粒子(4 毫克/千克)3 周,然后再腹腔注射金或金-酞菁(10 微克/千克)3 周。我们的研究结果表明,Ag NPs 可增加血清 AST、ALT、ALP、尿素、肌酐和血脂,并显著降低总蛋白和白蛋白。此外,在 Ag NPs 组的肾脏和肝脏中发现的组织病理学改变包括血管充血、炎症细胞浸润和组织变形。同时,暴露于Ag NPs会抑制抗氧化相关基因,包括谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(gpx1)、超氧化物歧化酶(sod)和过氧化氢酶(cat),从而诱发肝脏和肾脏氧化应激。Ag NPs 还上调了参与炎症的肝脏和肾脏基因,如白细胞介素-6(il-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tnf-α)、核因子卡巴 B(nf-κβ)、凋亡基因,如 BCL2 相关 X(bax)、casp3 和其他相关基因、casp3 和其他与代谢有关的因子,包括天冬酰胺合成酶(asns)、细胞因子信号转导抑制因子 3(socs3)、MYC 原癌基因(myc)和 C-C motif 趋化因子配体 2(cl2)。另一方面,Au NPs和Pc-Au NCs能有效改善Ag NPs诱导的肝肾损伤,改善肝肾结构和功能,尤其是Pc-Au NCs组。简而言之,我们的研究揭示了Ag NPs肝毒性和肾毒性作用的主要机制,而Pc-Au NCs可通过其抗氧化、抗凋亡和抗炎活性缓解这些不良影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biological Trace Element Research
Biological Trace Element Research 生物-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
10.30%
发文量
459
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Biological Trace Element Research provides a much-needed central forum for the emergent, interdisciplinary field of research on the biological, environmental, and biomedical roles of trace elements. Rather than confine itself to biochemistry, the journal emphasizes the integrative aspects of trace metal research in all appropriate fields, publishing human and animal nutritional studies devoted to the fundamental chemistry and biochemistry at issue as well as to the elucidation of the relevant aspects of preventive medicine, epidemiology, clinical chemistry, agriculture, endocrinology, animal science, pharmacology, microbiology, toxicology, virology, marine biology, sensory physiology, developmental biology, and related fields.
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