{"title":"Development of High Performance Thermoelectric Polymers via Doping or Dedoping Engineering","authors":"Yichen Xu, Jin Yan, Wei Zhou, Jianyong Ouyang","doi":"10.1002/asia.202400329","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is of great significance to develop high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials, because they can be used to harvest waste heat into electricity and there is abundant waste heat on earth. The conventional TE materials are inorganic semimetals or semiconductors like Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> and its derivatives. However, they have problems of high cost, scarce/toxic elements, high thermal conductivity, and poor mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials emerged as the next-generation TE materials because of their merits including solution processability, low cost, abundant element, low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and high mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials are mainly conducting polymers because of their high conductivity. Both the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient depend on the doping level, and they are interdependent. Hence, the TE properties of polymers can be improved through doping/dedoping engineering. There are three types of doping forms, oxidative (or reductive) doping, protonic acid doping, and charge transfer doping. Accordingly, they can be dedoped by different approaches. In this article, we review the methods to dope and dedope <i>p</i>-type and <i>n</i>-type TE polymers and the combination of doping and dedoping to optimize their TE properties. Secondary doping is also covered, since it can significantly enhance the conductivity of some TE polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":145,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - An Asian Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemistry - An Asian Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asia.202400329","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
It is of great significance to develop high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials, because they can be used to harvest waste heat into electricity and there is abundant waste heat on earth. The conventional TE materials are inorganic semimetals or semiconductors like Bi2Te3 and its derivatives. However, they have problems of high cost, scarce/toxic elements, high thermal conductivity, and poor mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials emerged as the next-generation TE materials because of their merits including solution processability, low cost, abundant element, low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and high mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials are mainly conducting polymers because of their high conductivity. Both the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient depend on the doping level, and they are interdependent. Hence, the TE properties of polymers can be improved through doping/dedoping engineering. There are three types of doping forms, oxidative (or reductive) doping, protonic acid doping, and charge transfer doping. Accordingly, they can be dedoped by different approaches. In this article, we review the methods to dope and dedope p-type and n-type TE polymers and the combination of doping and dedoping to optimize their TE properties. Secondary doping is also covered, since it can significantly enhance the conductivity of some TE polymers.
开发高性能热电(TE)材料意义重大,因为这些材料可用于将废热转化为电能,而地球上有大量的废热。传统的热电材料是无机半金属或半导体,如 Bi2Te3 及其衍生物。然而,这些材料存在成本高、元素危险/有毒、热传导率高和机械灵活性差等问题。有机 TE 材料具有溶液可加工性、成本低、元素丰富、固有热导率低和机械灵活性高等优点,因此成为下一代 TE 材料。有机 TE 材料主要是导电聚合物,因为它们具有高导电性。导电率和塞贝克系数都取决于掺杂水平,两者相互依存。因此,可以通过掺杂/掺杂工程改善聚合物的 TE 特性。掺杂形式有三种:氧化(或还原)掺杂、质子酸掺杂和电荷转移掺杂。因此,可以通过不同的方法对它们进行掺杂。本文综述了掺杂和掺杂 p 型和 n 型 TE 聚合物的方法,以及掺杂和掺杂相结合以优化 TE 特性的方法。由于二次掺杂能显著提高某些 TE 聚合物的导电性,因此本文也涉及二次掺杂。
期刊介绍:
Chemistry—An Asian Journal is an international high-impact journal for chemistry in its broadest sense. The journal covers all aspects of chemistry from biochemistry through organic and inorganic chemistry to physical chemistry, including interdisciplinary topics.
Chemistry—An Asian Journal publishes Full Papers, Communications, and Focus Reviews.
A professional editorial team headed by Dr. Theresa Kueckmann and an Editorial Board (headed by Professor Susumu Kitagawa) ensure the highest quality of the peer-review process, the contents and the production of the journal.
Chemistry—An Asian Journal is published on behalf of the Asian Chemical Editorial Society (ACES), an association of numerous Asian chemical societies, and supported by the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh, German Chemical Society), ChemPubSoc Europe, and the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS).