Detectability of Seamount Eruptions Through a Quantum Technology Gravity Mission MOCAST+: Hunga Tonga, Fani Maoré and Other Smaller Eruptions

IF 4.9 2区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Surveys in Geophysics Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI:10.1007/s10712-024-09839-7

Carla Braitenberg, Alberto Pastorutti

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Seamount eruptions alter the bathymetry and can occur undetected due to lack of explosive character. We review documented eruptions to define whether they could be detected by a future satellite gravity mission. We adopt the noise level in acquisitions of multi-satellite constellations as in the MOCAST+ study, with a proposed payload of a quantum technology gradiometer and clock. The review of underwater volcanoes includes the Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) islands for which the exposed surface changed during volcanic unrests of 2014/2015 and 2021/2022. The Fani Maoré submarine volcanic eruption of 2018–2021 produced a new seamount 800 m high, emerging from a depth of 3500 m, and therefore not seen above sea surface. We review further documented submarine eruptions and estimate the upper limit of the expected gravity changes. We find that a MOCAST+ type mission should allow us to detect the subsurface mass changes generated by deep ocean submarine volcanic activity for volume changes of 6.5 km³ upwards, with latency of 1 year. This change is met by the HTHH and Fani Maoré volcanoes.

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通过量子技术重力飞行任务 MOCAST+ 探测海山喷发的可探测性：洪加汤加、法尼毛雷和其他较小的喷发

海山喷发会改变水深，并且由于缺乏爆炸特征而可能不被发现。我们回顾了记录在案的喷发事件，以确定未来的卫星重力任务能否探测到它们。我们采用了 MOCAST+ 研究中的多卫星星座采集噪音水平，并建议使用量子技术梯度仪和时钟作为有效载荷。对水下火山的审查包括洪加汤加洪加哈帕伊（HTHH）群岛，在 2014/2015 年和 2021/2022 年的火山动乱期间，该群岛的裸露表面发生了变化。2018-2021 年的 Fani Maoré 海底火山喷发产生了一座 800 米高的新海山，从 3500 米深处冒出，因此在海面上看不到。我们回顾了更多有记录的海底火山爆发，并估算了预期重力变化的上限。我们发现，通过 MOCAST+ 类型的飞行任务，我们应该能够探测到深海海底火山活动产生的次表层质量变化，其体积变化可达 6.5 立方公里，潜伏期为 1 年。HTHH 火山和 Fani Maoré 火山可以满足这一变化。

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来源期刊

Surveys in Geophysics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

10.90%

发文量

审稿时长

4.5 months

期刊介绍： Surveys in Geophysics publishes refereed review articles on the physical, chemical and biological processes occurring within the Earth, on its surface, in its atmosphere and in the near-Earth space environment, including relations with other bodies in the solar system. Observations, their interpretation, theory and modelling are covered in papers dealing with any of the Earth and space sciences.