{"title":"CRISPR-Cas9 delivery strategies and applications: Review and update","authors":"Ali Alizadeh Severi, Bahman Akbari","doi":"10.1002/dvg.23598","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>Nowadays, a significant part of the investigations carried out in the medical field belong to cancer treatment. Generally, conventional cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, which have been used for a long time, are not sufficient, especially in malignant cancers. Because genetic mutations cause cancers, researchers are trying to treat these diseases using genetic engineering tools. One of them is clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), a powerful tool in genetic engineering in the last decade. CRISPR, which forms the CRISPR-Cas structure with its endonuclease protein, Cas, is known as a part of the immune system (adaptive immunity) in bacteria and archaea. Among the types of Cas proteins, Cas9 endonuclease has been used in many scientific studies due to its high accuracy and efficiency. This review reviews the CRISPR system, focusing on the history, classification, delivery methods, applications, new generations, and challenges of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dvg.23598","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Nowadays, a significant part of the investigations carried out in the medical field belong to cancer treatment. Generally, conventional cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, which have been used for a long time, are not sufficient, especially in malignant cancers. Because genetic mutations cause cancers, researchers are trying to treat these diseases using genetic engineering tools. One of them is clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), a powerful tool in genetic engineering in the last decade. CRISPR, which forms the CRISPR-Cas structure with its endonuclease protein, Cas, is known as a part of the immune system (adaptive immunity) in bacteria and archaea. Among the types of Cas proteins, Cas9 endonuclease has been used in many scientific studies due to its high accuracy and efficiency. This review reviews the CRISPR system, focusing on the history, classification, delivery methods, applications, new generations, and challenges of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
如今，医学领域开展的研究有很大一部分与癌症治疗有关。一般来说，传统的癌症治疗方法，包括化疗、放疗和手术，已经使用了很长时间，但效果并不理想，尤其是对恶性癌症。由于基因突变会导致癌症，研究人员正试图利用基因工程工具来治疗这些疾病。其中之一就是簇状规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR），它是近十年来基因工程领域的一个强大工具。众所周知，CRISPR 与其内切酶蛋白 Cas 组成 CRISPR-Cas 结构，是细菌和古细菌免疫系统（适应性免疫）的一部分。在各种类型的 Cas 蛋白中，Cas9 内切酶因其高精确度和高效率而被许多科学研究采用。这篇综述回顾了CRISPR系统，重点介绍了CRISPR-Cas9技术的历史、分类、传递方法、应用、新一代产品和挑战。
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