Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Coronaviruses Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Richard S. H. Lee, Samuel M. S. Cheng, Jin Zhao, Annie Y. S. Tsoi, Kaman K. M. Lau, CoCo H. C. Chan, John K. C. Li, David S. C. Hui, Malik Peiris, Hui-Ling Yen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 possesses shared antigenic epitopes with other human coronaviruses. We investigated if COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection may boost cross-reactive antibodies to other human coronaviruses.

Methods

Prevaccination and postvaccination sera from SARS-CoV-2 naïve healthy subjects who received three doses of the mRNA vaccine (BioNTech, BNT) or the inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac, CV) were used to monitor the level of cross-reactive antibodies raised against other human coronaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In comparison, convalescent sera from COVID-19 patients with or without prior vaccination history were also tested. Pseudoparticle neutralization assay was performed to detect neutralization antibody against MERS-CoV.

Results

Among SARS-CoV-2 infection−naïve subjects, BNT or CV significantly increased the anti-S2 antibodies against Betacoronaviruses (OC43 and MERS-CoV) but not Alphacoronaviruses (229E). The prevaccination antibody response to the common cold human coronaviruses did not negatively impact the postvaccination antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. Cross-reactive antibodies that binds to the S2 protein of MERS-CoV were similarly detected from the convalescent sera of COVID-19 patients with or without vaccination history. However, these anti-S2 antibodies do not possess neutralizing activity in MERS-CoV pseudoparticle neutralization tests.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination may potentially modulate population immune landscape against previously exposed or novel human coronaviruses. The findings have implications for future sero-epidemiological studies on MERS-CoV.

由 SARS-CoV-2 感染或接种疫苗引起的冠状病毒交叉反应性抗体。
背景:新出现的SARS-CoV-2与其他人类冠状病毒具有共同的抗原表位。我们研究了接种 COVID-19 疫苗或感染 SARS-CoV-2 是否会增强对其他人类冠状病毒的交叉反应抗体:方法:我们使用接种了三剂 mRNA 疫苗(BioNTech 公司,BNT)或灭活疫苗(CoronaVac 公司,CV)的 SARS-CoV-2 天真健康受试者的接种前和接种后血清,通过酶联免疫吸附试验监测针对其他人类冠状病毒的交叉反应抗体水平。作为比较,还检测了有或无疫苗接种史的 COVID-19 患者的康复血清。用假颗粒中和试验检测 MERS-CoV 的中和抗体:结果:在未感染 SARS-CoV-2 的受试者中,BNT 或 CV 能显著增加针对 Betacoronaviruses(OC43 和 MERS-CoV)的抗-S2 抗体,但不能增加针对 Alphacoronaviruses(229E)的抗-S2 抗体。接种前对普通感冒人类冠状病毒的抗体反应不会对接种后对 SARS-CoV-2 的抗体反应产生负面影响。在有或没有接种史的 COVID-19 患者的康复血清中,同样检测到了与 MERS-CoV 的 S2 蛋白结合的交叉反应抗体。然而,这些抗S2抗体在MERS-CoV伪颗粒中和试验中不具有中和活性:我们的研究结果表明,SARS-CoV-2 感染或疫苗接种可能会调节人群对先前暴露或新型人类冠状病毒的免疫格局。这些发现对未来的 MERS-CoV 血清流行病学研究具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
120
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
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