Helminth Infections and Diabetes: Mechanisms Accounting for Risk Amelioration.

IF 12.6 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Annual review of nutrition Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-100742
Anuradha Rajamanickam, Subash Babu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is increasing rapidly, with an anticipated 600 million cases by 2035. While infectious diseases such as helminth infections have decreased due to improved sanitation and health care, recent research suggests a link between helminth infections and T2D, with helminths such as Schistosoma, Nippostrongylus, Strongyloides, and Heligmosomoides potentially mitigating or slowing down T2D progression in human and animal models. Helminth infections enhance host immunity by promoting interactions between innate and adaptive immune systems. In T2D, type 1 immune responses are suppressed and type 2 responses are augmented, expanding regulatory T cells and innate immune cells, particularly type 2 immune cells and macrophages. This article reviews recent research shedding light on the favorable effects of helminth infections on T2D. The potential defense mechanisms identified include heightened insulin sensitivity and reduced inflammation. The synthesis of findings from studies investigating parasitic helminths and their derivatives underscores promising avenues for defense against T2D.

螺旋体感染与糖尿病:风险改善的机制。
全球 2 型糖尿病的发病率正在迅速上升,预计到 2035 年将有 6 亿病例。由于卫生条件和医疗保健的改善,蠕虫感染等传染病有所减少,但最近的研究表明,蠕虫感染与 2 型糖尿病(T2D)之间存在联系,在人类和动物模型中,血吸虫、日本圆线虫、弓形虫和螺旋体等蠕虫有可能减轻或减缓 2 型糖尿病的发展。螺旋体感染通过促进先天性免疫系统和适应性免疫系统之间的相互作用来增强宿主免疫力。在 T2D 中,1 型免疫反应受到抑制,2 型免疫反应得到增强,调节性 T 细胞和先天性免疫细胞,尤其是 2 型免疫细胞和巨噬细胞得到扩增。本文回顾了最近的研究,揭示了螺旋体感染对 T2D 的有利影响。已确定的潜在防御机制包括提高胰岛素敏感性和减少炎症反应。对寄生蠕虫及其衍生物研究结果的综述强调了预防 T2D 的前景广阔的途径。
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来源期刊
Annual review of nutrition
Annual review of nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
15.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Annual Review of Nutrition Publication History:In publication since 1981 Scope:Covers significant developments in the field of nutrition Topics Covered Include: Energy metabolism; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Proteins and amino acids; Vitamins; Minerals; Nutrient transport and function; Metabolic regulation; Nutritional genomics; Molecular and cell biology; Clinical nutrition; Comparative nutrition; Nutritional anthropology; Nutritional toxicology; Nutritional microbiology; Epidemiology; Public health nutrition
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