Human Rights and Transitional Justice in the Maldives: Closing the Door, Once and For All?

IF 1.2 Q1 LAW
Renée Jeffery
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In 2020, the Maldives instituted a transitional justice process to address decades of systematic human rights abuses including the widespread use of arbitrary arrest and detention, torture, and the forced depopulation of entire island communities. While the country’s decision to confront its violent past is not unusual, the institution it has established to undertake that task is. Rather than institute a truth and reconciliation commission (TRC), refer cases to its Human Rights Commission, or undertake criminal trials in its domestic judicial system, the Maldives has taken the unprecedented step of establishing a temporary Ombudsperson’s Office for Transitional Justice (OTJ). Comparing the OTJ to national human rights institutions and TRCs, this article examines how and why the Maldives’ transitional justice process has taken this unusual form. It suggests that the OTJ represents a new attempt to address the full range of human rights abuses, including violations of social and economic rights, perpetrated by repressive regimes.

马尔代夫的人权与过渡时期司法:一劳永逸地关上大门?
2020 年,马尔代夫启动了过渡时期司法进程,以解决数十年来系统侵犯人权的 问题,包括广泛使用任意逮捕和拘留、酷刑以及强迫整个岛屿社区人口减少。虽然马尔代夫决定正视其暴力历史并不罕见,但它为执行这一任务而设立的机构却不同寻常。马尔代夫没有成立真相与和解委员会(TRC),也没有将案件移交给人权委员会,更没有在国内司法系统中进行刑事审判,而是采取了前所未有的措施,成立了一个临时的过渡时期司法监察员办公室(OTJ)。本文将过渡时期司法监察员办公室与国家人权机构和真相与和解委员会进行比较,探讨马尔代夫的过渡时期司法进程如何以及为何采取这种不同寻常的形式。文章认为,过渡时期司法办公室是一种新的尝试,旨在解决专制政权犯下的各种侵犯人权行为,包括侵犯社会和经济权利的行为。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
14.30%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Human Rights Review is an interdisciplinary journal which provides a scholarly forum in which human rights issues and their underlying empirical, theoretical and philosophical foundations are explored. The journal seeks to place human rights practices and policies within a theoretical perspective in order to link empirical research to broader human rights issues. Human Rights Review welcomes submissions from all academic areas in order to foster a wide-ranging dialogue on issues of concern to both the academic and the policy-making communities. The journal is receptive to submissions drawing from diverse methodologies and approaches including case studies, quantitative analysis, legal scholarship and philosophical discourse in order to provide a comprehensive discussion concerning human rights issues.
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