Role of extracted nanosilica from rice husk on the structure, property and biodegradability of low density polyethylene/starch biodegradable film

Abstract

Starch blended low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been extensively used to produce packaging film, but it has very low mechanical properties. This work emphasises the extraction of nanosilica from rice husk as a property-enhancing filler for producing high-quality packaging material. Nanosilica (200 nm) was obtained by chemical treatment followed by further size reduction through cryomill. The obtained nanomaterial was found to have a high surface area (189.64 m²/g) and pore volume (.462 cc/g) with high compatibility with the other materials in the matrix. The SEM and TEM analysis indicates the uniformity in particle size of the nanomaterial with an agglomerating tendency. The X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis reveals that the obtained material is amorphous in nature. The nanomaterial is dispersed in various proportions in LDPE/starch matrix, and it is observed that the highest tensile strength (9.62 MPa) can be obtained at 1.5% nanosilica content in the matrix. A continuous increase in Young's modulus and stiffness from 372.3 to 440.12 MPa and 20 243.2 to 28 559.42 N/m, respectively, when 1.5% of nanosilica is dispersed in the biodegradable matrix. Garden soil was a better degrading medium for the sample containing 20% of starch with weight loss of 10.32% and reduction of tensile strength and tear strength values to 5.987 MPa and 99.165 N/mm respectively, in 1 year.