On-ground calibration of the X-ray, gamma-ray, and relativistic electron detector onboard TARANIS

IF 1.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, AEROSPACE
Yuuki Wada, Philippe Laurent, Damien Pailot, Ion Cojocari, Eric Bréelle, Stéphane Colonges, Jean-Pierre Baronick, François Lebrun, Pierre-Louis Blelly, David Sarria, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Miles Lindsey-Clark
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Abstract

We developed the X-ray, gamma-ray, and relativistic electron detector (XGRE) onboard the Tool for the Analysis of RAdiation from lightNIngs and Sprites (TARANIS) satellite, to investigate high-energy phenomena associated with lightning discharges such as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and terrestrial electron beams. XGRE consisted of three sensors. Each sensor has one layer of LaBr3 crystals for X-ray/gamma-ray detections and two layers of plastic scintillators for electron and charged-particle discrimination. Since 2018, the flight model of XGRE was developed, and validation and calibration tests, such as a thermal cycle test and a calibration test with the sensors onboard the satellite, were performed before the launch of TARANIS on 17 November 2020. The energy range of the LaBr3 crystals sensitive to X-rays and gamma rays was determined to be 0.04 to 11.6 MeV, 0.08 to 11.0 MeV, and 0.08 to 11.3 MeV for XGRE1, 2, and 3, respectively. The energy resolution at 0.662 MeV (full width at half maximum) was 20.5%, 25.9%, and 28.6%, respectively. The results from the calibration test were then used to validate a simulation model of XGRE and TARANIS. By performing Monte Carlo simulations with the verified model, we calculated effective areas of XGRE to X-rays, gamma rays, electrons, and detector responses to incident photons and electrons coming from various elevation and azimuth angles.
TARANIS 星载 X 射线、伽马射线和相对论电子探测器的地面校准
我们开发了 X 射线、伽马射线和相对论电子探测器(XGRE),该探测器搭载在 "光和精灵放电分析工具"(TARANIS)卫星上,用于研究与陆地伽马射线闪光和陆地电子束等闪电放电有关的高能现象。XGRE 由三个传感器组成。每个传感器都有一层用于探测 X 射线/伽马射线的 LaBr3 晶体和两层用于分辨电子和带电粒子的塑料闪烁体。自 2018 年以来,开发了 XGRE 的飞行模型,并在 2020 年 11 月 17 日发射 TARANIS 之前进行了验证和校准测试,例如热循环测试和卫星上传感器的校准测试。经测定,XGRE1、2 和 3 对 X 射线和伽马射线敏感的 LaBr3 晶体的能量范围分别为 0.04 至 11.6 MeV、0.08 至 11.0 MeV 和 0.08 至 11.3 MeV。0.662 MeV(半最大全宽)时的能量分辨率分别为 20.5%、25.9% 和 28.6%。校准测试的结果随后被用于验证 XGRE 和 TARANIS 的模拟模型。通过使用经过验证的模型进行蒙特卡洛模拟,我们计算出了 XGRE 对 X 射线、伽马射线和电子的有效面积,以及探测器对来自不同仰角和方位角的入射光子和电子的响应。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
13.00%
发文量
119
期刊介绍: The Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems publishes peer-reviewed papers reporting on original research in the development, testing, and application of telescopes, instrumentation, techniques, and systems for ground- and space-based astronomy.
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