Anatase and rutile nanoparticles in photopolymer 3D-printed nanocomposites: Band gap-controlled electron interactions in free-radical and cationic photocuring
Martina Korčušková , Juraj Svatík , Wiktoria Tomal , Aneta Šikyňová , Vishakha Vishakha , Filip Petko , Mariusz Galek , Paweł Stalmach , Joanna Ortyl , Petr Lepcio
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The preparation of functional photopolymer nanocomposites is affected by both the physical and chemical interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) and polymer resin. Some NPs, such as semiconducting metal oxides, may contribute by their photocatalytic behavior and electron transfer, influencing the kinetics of the photopolymerization reaction. This study has investigated the complex effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs in anatase and rutile form on the conversion, kinetics, and printability of free-radical and cationic photopolymerization resin. Two different polymorphs of TiO2 NPs ensured identical chemical properties, but different physical effects related to their varying band gap energies and electron transfer efficiency. These parameters were found to be crucial for influencing the photopolymerization kinetics. While rutile showed a more pronounced enhancement of the free-radical photopolymerization's conversion and kinetics, cationic photopolymerization was favourably affected only by anatase NPs due to the photosensitization effect. These findings are critical in understanding and designing functional nanocomposite materials processed by vat photopolymerization 3D printing that could find use in optical, medical, or environmental applications.
期刊介绍:
Reactive & Functional Polymers provides a forum to disseminate original ideas, concepts and developments in the science and technology of polymers with functional groups, which impart specific chemical reactivity or physical, chemical, structural, biological, and pharmacological functionality. The scope covers organic polymers, acting for instance as reagents, catalysts, templates, ion-exchangers, selective sorbents, chelating or antimicrobial agents, drug carriers, sensors, membranes, and hydrogels. This also includes reactive cross-linkable prepolymers and high-performance thermosetting polymers, natural or degradable polymers, conducting polymers, and porous polymers.
Original research articles must contain thorough molecular and material characterization data on synthesis of the above polymers in combination with their applications. Applications include but are not limited to catalysis, water or effluent treatment, separations and recovery, electronics and information storage, energy conversion, encapsulation, or adhesion.