Seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig populations of Tamil Nadu, India: Exploring the tropical endemic link of virus

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI:10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102189

M. Dhanalakshmi , Himani Dhanze , K.N. Bhilegaonkar , Akash Mote , Ishita Gupta , Himani Agri , Carlotta Di Bari , Balbir B. Singh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of encephalitis in Southeast Asia. Tamil Nadu, a state located in the southern part of India, contributes substantially to the national burden of human JE cases every year. However, limited information is available on the epidemiology of JE in pig populations of Tamil Nadu. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess JEV prevalence in pig populations of Tamil Nadu. A total of 710 pigs reared in 118 farms across 10 districts of Tamil Nadu were sampled using multistage cluster random sampling. Serum samples were analyzed for their JEV status using Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). At the animal-level, the apparent JEV seroprevalence was 60.4% (95% CI: 56.8% – 64.0%) and the true seroprevalence was 50.1% (95% CI: 47.0% – 53.2%). The herd-level apparent seroprevalence was 94.1% (95% CI: 88.1% – 97.5%) and the true seroprevalence was 93.3% (95% CI: 89.5% – 96.2%). The intensity of JEV circulation was high in all the districts, with seroprevalence ranging between 43% and 100%. Pigs across all age categories were seropositive and a high overall seroprevalence of 95.2% (95% CI: 76.2% – 99.9%) was recorded in pigs older than 12 months. JEV seropositivity was recorded in all the seasons but the prevalence peaked in the monsoon (67.9%, 95% CI: 61.1% – 74.2%) followed by winter (65.1%, 95%CI: 57.4% – 72.2%) and summer (53.3%, 95% CI: 47.8% – 58.8%) seasons. The results indicate that JEV is endemic in pigs populations of the state and a one health approach is essential with collaborative actions from animal and public health authorities to control JE in Tamil Nadu, India.

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印度泰米尔纳德邦猪群中日本脑炎病毒的血清流行率：探索病毒与热带地方病的联系

日本脑炎病毒（JEV）是东南亚脑炎的主要病因。泰米尔纳德邦位于印度南部，每年的人感染日本脑炎病例在全国范围内占很大比例。然而，有关泰米尔纳德邦猪群 JE 流行病学的信息却十分有限。为了评估泰米尔纳德邦猪群中的 JEV 流行情况，我们进行了一项横断面研究。研究采用多阶段群组随机抽样法，对泰米尔纳德邦 10 个地区 118 个农场饲养的 710 头猪进行了抽样。使用免疫球蛋白 M (IgM) 和免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA) 分析血清样本的 JEV 状态。在动物层面，JEV的表观血清流行率为60.4%（95% CI：56.8% - 64.0%），真实血清流行率为50.1%（95% CI：47.0% - 53.2%）。牛群水平的表观血清流行率为 94.1%（95% CI：88.1% - 97.5%），真实血清流行率为 93.3%（95% CI：89.5% - 96.2%）。所有地区的 JEV 流行强度都很高，血清流行率介于 43% 与 100% 之间。所有年龄段的猪血清均呈阳性，12 个月以上的猪血清阳性率高达 95.2%（95% CI：76.2% - 99.9%）。所有季节都记录到 JEV 血清阳性，但季风季节的流行率最高（67.9%，95% CI：61.1% - 74.2%），其次是冬季（65.1%，95% CI：57.4% - 72.2%）和夏季（53.3%，95% CI：47.8% - 58.8%）。结果表明，JEV 在该邦的猪群中呈地方性流行，因此，在印度泰米尔纳德邦，动物和公共卫生部门必须采取统一的卫生方法，采取合作行动来控制 JE。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

102

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： Comparative Immunology, Microbiology & Infectious Diseases aims to respond to the concept of "One Medicine" and to provide a venue for scientific exchange. Based on the concept of "Comparative Medicine" interdisciplinary cooperation between specialists in human and animal medicine is of mutual interest and benefit. Therefore, there is need to combine the respective interest of physicians, veterinarians and other health professionals for comparative studies relevant to either human or animal medicine . The journal is open to subjects of common interest related to the immunology, immunopathology, microbiology, parasitology and epidemiology of human and animal infectious diseases, especially zoonotic infections, and animal models of human infectious diseases. The role of environmental factors in disease emergence is emphasized. CIMID is mainly focusing on applied veterinary and human medicine rather than on fundamental experimental research.