{"title":"Selenium, diabetes, and their intricate sex-specific relationship.","authors":"Kamil Demircan, Thilo Samson Chillon, Jeyoung Bang, Vadim N Gladyshev, Lutz Schomburg","doi":"10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, which is inserted as selenocysteine (Sec) into selenoproteins during biosynthesis, orchestrating their expression and activity. Se is associated with both beneficial and detrimental health effects; deficient supply or uncontrolled supplementation raises concerns. In particular, Se was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In this review, we discuss the intricate relationship between Se and diabetes and the limitations of the available clinical and experimental studies. Recent evidence points to sexual dimorphism and an association of Se deficiency with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We highlight the emerging evidence linking high Se status with improved prognosis in patients with T2D and lower risk of macrovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54415,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"781-792"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.004","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/4/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, which is inserted as selenocysteine (Sec) into selenoproteins during biosynthesis, orchestrating their expression and activity. Se is associated with both beneficial and detrimental health effects; deficient supply or uncontrolled supplementation raises concerns. In particular, Se was associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In this review, we discuss the intricate relationship between Se and diabetes and the limitations of the available clinical and experimental studies. Recent evidence points to sexual dimorphism and an association of Se deficiency with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We highlight the emerging evidence linking high Se status with improved prognosis in patients with T2D and lower risk of macrovascular complications.
硒（Se）是一种人体必需的微量元素，在生物合成过程中以硒代半胱氨酸（Sec）的形式插入硒蛋白中，协调硒蛋白的表达和活性。硒对健康既有益处也有害处，供应不足或无节制地补充硒会引起人们的担忧。特别是，在一项随机对照试验（RCT）的二次分析中，Se 与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）发病率的增加有关。在本综述中，我们将讨论 Se 与糖尿病之间错综复杂的关系以及现有临床和实验研究的局限性。最近的证据表明，妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）存在性别二形性和 Se 缺乏相关性。我们强调了新出现的证据，即高 Se 状态与改善 T2D 患者预后和降低大血管并发症风险有关。
期刊介绍：
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (TEM) stands as a premier Reviews journal in the realms of metabolism and endocrinology. Our commitment is reflected in the publication of refined, concise, and highly impactful articles that delve into cutting-edge topics, encompassing basic, translational, and clinical aspects. From state-of-the-art treatments for endocrine diseases to groundbreaking developments in molecular biology, TEM provides comprehensive coverage.
Explore recent advancements in diabetes, endocrine diseases, obesity, neuroendocrinology, immunometabolism, molecular and cellular biology, and a myriad of other areas through our journal.
TEM serves as an invaluable resource for researchers, clinicians, lecturers, teachers, and students. Each monthly issue is anchored by Reviews and Opinion articles, with Reviews meticulously chronicling recent and significant developments, often contributed by leading researchers in specific fields. Opinion articles foster debate and hypotheses. Our shorter pieces include Science & Society, shedding light on issues at the intersection of science, society, and policy; Spotlights, which focus on exciting recent developments in the literature, and single-point hypotheses as Forum articles. We wholeheartedly welcome and encourage responses to previously published TEM content in the form of Letters.
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