Preparation For Flight: The Physical Profile of Pre-Professional and Professional Circus Artists in the United States.

IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES
International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.26603/001c.116332
Stephanie J Greenspan, Melanie I Stuckey
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Established norms for fitness and performance measures are lacking in circus arts. These would assist healthcare professionals and coaches to screen for readiness to participate in training or performance, determine post-injury return to performance, and develop targeted conditioning programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to establish norms for trunk and extremity physical exam and performance measures in circus artists by professional status, assigned sex at birth (ASAB), and age.

Study design: Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods: Circus artists (n=201; ages 13-69y; 172 females ASAB, 29 males ASAB) from 10 cities across the United States underwent a baseline physical examination including shoulder, hip and trunk measures of passive (PROM) and active (AROM) range of motion, measures of flexibility (shoulder and hip), strength (manual muscle tests, grip strength), cardiovascular fitness (3 minute-step test), balance (single limb and handstand), and performance, (pull-ups, and the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test [CKCUEST]). ANOVAs were used to determine between group differences by age and T-tests to discern differences by ASAB or professional status.

Results: Differences existed by professional status for shoulder external rotation PROM, hip PROM, hip flexibility, shoulder and abdominal strength, and cardiovascular fitness. Sex differences were seen in active scapular upward rotation, hip and shoulder PROM and flexibility, hip and grip strength, and for functional performance measures (pull-ups, CKCUEST). Differences by age were limited to active scapular upward rotation, shoulder PROM, flexibility and strength, cardiovascular fitness, and balance. Overall, professionals outperformed pre-professionals for lower abdominal strength, pull-ups, handstand balance, cardiovascular fitness, hamstring, and straddle flexibility. Generally, males ASAB demonstrated greater shoulder flexibility and upper body functional strength while females ASAB had greater hip and lumbar flexibility and hip strength. No measures showed consistent declines with increasing age, though some showed differences between adolescents and adults.

Conclusion: These normative values for physical characteristics and functional performance in pre-professional and professional circus artists may be used to guide screening for readiness to participate in advanced training or performance, return to performance after injury, and the development of targeted strength and conditioning programs.

Level of evidence: 3.

飞行准备:美国职业前和职业马戏团艺术家的身体特征。
背景:在马戏艺术中,缺乏既定的体能和表现测量标准。目的:本研究的目的是根据专业状况、出生时的指定性别(ASAB)和年龄,为马戏艺术家的躯干和四肢体格检查及表现测量建立标准:研究设计:描述性实验室研究:研究设计:描述性实验室研究;来自美国 10 个城市的马戏团艺术家(n=201;年龄 13-69 岁;172 名女性 ASAB,29 名男性 ASAB)接受了基线体格检查,包括肩部、髋部和躯干被动(PROM)和主动(AROM)运动范围测量、柔韧性(肩部和髋部)测量、力量(手动肌肉测试、握力)、心血管健康(3 分钟台阶测试)、平衡(单肢和倒立)和表现(引体向上和闭合动能链上肢稳定性测试 [CKCUEST])。方差分析用于确定不同年龄组之间的差异,T 检验用于确定不同 ASAB 或职业状况组之间的差异:结果:在肩关节外旋PROM、髋关节外旋PROM、髋关节柔韧性、肩部和腹部力量以及心血管健康方面,不同专业地位的人存在差异。在主动肩胛上旋、髋关节和肩关节 PROM 和柔韧性、髋关节和握力以及功能表现测量(引体向上、CKCUEST)方面存在性别差异。年龄差异仅限于主动肩胛上旋、肩部 PROM、柔韧性和力量、心血管健康和平衡。总体而言,专业运动员在下腹部力量、引体向上、倒立平衡、心血管健康、腘绳肌和跨立柔韧性方面的表现优于专业前运动员。一般来说,男性 ASAB 运动员的肩部柔韧性和上身功能力量更强,而女性 ASAB 运动员的髋部和腰部柔韧性以及髋部力量更强。随着年龄的增长,没有任何指标显示出一致的下降,尽管有些指标显示出青少年和成年人之间的差异:这些关于职业前和职业马戏艺术家身体特征和功能表现的标准值可用于指导筛查是否准备好参加高级训练或表演、伤后恢复表演以及制定有针对性的力量和调节计划:3.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
5.90%
发文量
124
审稿时长
16 weeks
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