The role of exosome derived miRNAs in inter-cell crosstalk among insulin-related organs in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

IF 3.7 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Journal of physiology and biochemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI:10.1007/s13105-024-01026-x
Ting Lu, Ying Zheng, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiyong Lin, Chaoqi Liu, Chengfu Yuan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cell types, and carry diverse cargo including RNA, and other substances. Recent studies have focused exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) on various human diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (METS) which accompany the occurrence of insulin resistance. The regulation of insulin signaling has connected with some miRNA expression which play a significant regulatory character in insulin targeted cells or organs, such as fat, muscle, and liver. The miRNAs carried by exosomes, through the circulation in the body fluids, mediate all kinds of physiological and pathological process involved in the human body. Studies have found that exosome derived miRNAs are abnormally expressed and cross-talked with insulin targeted cells or organs to affect insulin pathways. Further investigations of the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in T2DM will be valuable for the diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of T2DM. This review will summarize the molecular mechanism of action of the miRNAs carried by exosomes which are secreted from insulin signaling related cells, and elucidate the pathogenesis of insulin resistance to provide a new strategy for the potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the type 2 diabetes.

Abstract Image

外泌体衍生的 miRNA 在 2 型糖尿病患者胰岛素相关器官的细胞间串联中的作用。
外泌体是几乎所有细胞类型分泌的细胞外小囊泡,携带多种货物,包括 RNA 和其他物质。最近的研究将外泌体微小核糖核酸(miRNAs)的研究重点放在各种人类疾病上,包括伴随胰岛素抵抗发生的 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)和代谢综合征(METS)。胰岛素信号的调节与一些 miRNA 的表达有关,这些 miRNA 在胰岛素靶细胞或器官(如脂肪、肌肉和肝脏)中发挥着重要的调节作用。外泌体携带的 miRNA 通过体液循环,介导人体的各种生理和病理过程。研究发现,外泌体衍生的 miRNAs 会异常表达,并与胰岛素靶细胞或器官交叉作用,影响胰岛素通路。进一步研究外泌体 miRNA 在 T2DM 中的作用机制,将对 T2DM 的诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点有重要价值。本综述将总结胰岛素信号相关细胞分泌的外泌体携带的 miRNAs 的分子作用机制,阐明胰岛素抵抗的发病机制,为 2 型糖尿病的潜在诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点提供新策略。
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来源期刊
Journal of physiology and biochemistry
Journal of physiology and biochemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original research articles and reviews describing relevant new observations on molecular, biochemical and cellular mechanisms involved in human physiology. All areas of the physiology are covered. Special emphasis is placed on the integration of those levels in the whole-organism. The Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry also welcomes articles on molecular nutrition and metabolism studies, and works related to the genomic or proteomic bases of the physiological functions. Descriptive manuscripts about physiological/biochemical processes or clinical manuscripts will not be considered. The journal will not accept manuscripts testing effects of animal or plant extracts.
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