{"title":"The role of exosome derived miRNAs in inter-cell crosstalk among insulin-related organs in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Ting Lu, Ying Zheng, Xiaoling Chen, Zhiyong Lin, Chaoqi Liu, Chengfu Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s13105-024-01026-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cell types, and carry diverse cargo including RNA, and other substances. Recent studies have focused exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) on various human diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (METS) which accompany the occurrence of insulin resistance. The regulation of insulin signaling has connected with some miRNA expression which play a significant regulatory character in insulin targeted cells or organs, such as fat, muscle, and liver. The miRNAs carried by exosomes, through the circulation in the body fluids, mediate all kinds of physiological and pathological process involved in the human body. Studies have found that exosome derived miRNAs are abnormally expressed and cross-talked with insulin targeted cells or organs to affect insulin pathways. Further investigations of the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in T2DM will be valuable for the diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of T2DM. This review will summarize the molecular mechanism of action of the miRNAs carried by exosomes which are secreted from insulin signaling related cells, and elucidate the pathogenesis of insulin resistance to provide a new strategy for the potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16779,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physiology and biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of physiology and biochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-024-01026-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/5/3 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all cell types, and carry diverse cargo including RNA, and other substances. Recent studies have focused exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) on various human diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (METS) which accompany the occurrence of insulin resistance. The regulation of insulin signaling has connected with some miRNA expression which play a significant regulatory character in insulin targeted cells or organs, such as fat, muscle, and liver. The miRNAs carried by exosomes, through the circulation in the body fluids, mediate all kinds of physiological and pathological process involved in the human body. Studies have found that exosome derived miRNAs are abnormally expressed and cross-talked with insulin targeted cells or organs to affect insulin pathways. Further investigations of the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in T2DM will be valuable for the diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of T2DM. This review will summarize the molecular mechanism of action of the miRNAs carried by exosomes which are secreted from insulin signaling related cells, and elucidate the pathogenesis of insulin resistance to provide a new strategy for the potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the type 2 diabetes.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original research articles and reviews describing relevant new observations on molecular, biochemical and cellular mechanisms involved in human physiology. All areas of the physiology are covered. Special emphasis is placed on the integration of those levels in the whole-organism. The Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry also welcomes articles on molecular nutrition and metabolism studies, and works related to the genomic or proteomic bases of the physiological functions. Descriptive manuscripts about physiological/biochemical processes or clinical manuscripts will not be considered. The journal will not accept manuscripts testing effects of animal or plant extracts.