Language diversity across home and work contexts differentially impacts age- and menopause-related declines in cognitive control in healthy females.

IF 3.7 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI:10.1037/xge0001564

Alicia Duval, Anne L Beatty-Martínez, Stamatoula Pasvanis, Arielle Crestol, Jamie Snytte, M Natasha Rajah, Debra A Titone

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Menopause is associated with declines in cognitive control. However, there is individual variability in the slope of this decline. Recent work suggests that indices of cognitive control are mediated by communicative demands of the language environment. However, little is known about how the impact of bilingual experience generalizes across the lifespan, particularly in females who exhibit steeper cognitive decline due to increasing age and menopausal transition. Thus, we investigated whether diversity of language use in distinct communicative contexts modulated the effects of aging and menopause on cognitive control in an adult lifespan sample of healthy females. We performed robust linear regressions on a sample of 120 females (age range 20-65 years) to characterize age- (n = 120) and menopause-related (n = 59) declines in cognitive control (as assessed by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test) and to determine whether they are modulated by different facets of bilingual language experience, including the diversity of language use (i.e., language entropy) in home and workplace environments. Workplace but not home language diversity modulated age- and menopause-related declines in cognitive control, suggesting that females may compensate for decline by virtue of adapting to the externally imposed demands of the language environment. These findings have implications for identifying which aspects of bilingual experience may contribute to cognitive reserve in healthy aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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家庭和工作环境中的语言多样性对健康女性认知控制能力随年龄和更年期而下降的影响不同。

更年期与认知控制能力下降有关。然而，这种下降的斜率存在个体差异。最近的研究表明，认知控制能力的指数受语言环境中交流需求的影响。然而，人们对双语经历的影响在整个生命周期中的普遍性知之甚少，尤其是女性，因为年龄的增长和更年期的过渡，她们的认知能力下降得更快。因此，我们研究了在不同的交际语境中使用语言的多样性是否会调节衰老和更年期对成年健康女性认知控制能力的影响。我们对 120 名女性样本（年龄范围为 20-65 岁）进行了稳健线性回归，以描述与年龄（n = 120）和更年期（n = 59）相关的认知控制能力下降（由威斯康星卡片分类测试评估），并确定它们是否受到双语语言经验不同方面的调节，包括家庭和工作场所环境中语言使用的多样性（即语言熵）。工作场所的语言多样性（而非家庭语言多样性）调节了与年龄和更年期相关的认知控制能力的下降，这表明女性可能会通过适应外部强加的语言环境要求来弥补认知控制能力的下降。这些发现对确定双语经验的哪些方面可能有助于健康老龄化过程中的认知储备具有重要意义。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

4.90%

发文量

300

期刊介绍： The Journal of Experimental Psychology: General publishes articles describing empirical work that bridges the traditional interests of two or more communities of psychology. The work may touch on issues dealt with in JEP: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, JEP: Human Perception and Performance, JEP: Animal Behavior Processes, or JEP: Applied, but may also concern issues in other subdisciplines of psychology, including social processes, developmental processes, psychopathology, neuroscience, or computational modeling. Articles in JEP: General may be longer than the usual journal publication if necessary, but shorter articles that bridge subdisciplines will also be considered.