An Epidemiological Investigation on Patients with Non-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from 2010 to 2020.

Abstract

Objective: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still considered a life-threatening medical condition with a high mortality rate, particularly in developing countries. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the angiographic findings of non-traumatic or spontaneous SAH.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 642 health records of patients with non-traumatic SAH over a 10-year period, from 2010 to 2020. The required data, including demographic information, aneurysm type, size, location, disease severity classification, and secondary complications, were extracted.

Results: The study included 642 patients, with 262 (40.8%) being male. The mean age of the participants was 54.72±13.51 years. The most prevalent type of aneurysm was saccular (89.1%), while serpentine (0.2%) and dissecting saccular (0.2%) aneurysms had the least prevalence. The most frequently involved arteries were the anterior communicating artery (ACoA; 38%), internal carotid artery (ICA; 27.6%), and middle cerebral artery (MCA; 13.4%). There was a significant correlation between sex and aneurysms occurring at ACoA and ICA (p< 0.0001), and ACoA - A1 (p=0.02). Patient age and sex were also significantly correlated with one another (p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant correlation between sex, aneurysm size, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and modified Rankin scale (MRS).

Conclusion: Based on our findings, the presence of aneurysms at ACoA, ACoA - A1, and ICA should be thoroughly ruled out in patients with severe headaches of sudden onset, particularly male patients of younger ages.