Heritability of cancers in Japanese population: Estimation from recent cohort data

IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Yoshiro Nagao, Kei Takeshita
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Abstract

Cancers are genetically categorized into common diseases showing a so-called multifactorial inheritance except for rare familial cancers. And as a measure to estimate the strength of genetic factors in the multifactorial diseases, heritability (h2) is generally used. However, there have been few reports on the estimation of heritability for cancers. We calculated the heritability from the incidence in subject population and the familial recurrence rate in first-degree relatives of the affected for cancers quoting the data from a large-scale prospective cohort study by Hidaka et al. published in 2020. This is the first report for heritability of any cancers in Japanese population. The results showed that heritability of overall cancers in Japanese population is 0.064, which is much lower than Nordic population reported by Mucci et al. that was 0.33. For individual cancers, stomach cancer (h2 = 0.14), colorectum cancer (0.006), lung cancer (0.08) and uterine cancer (0.16) accounted for half of the total patients, and each heritability tends to be lower than previously reported for the European descent. The results of this study suggest that heritability of cancers varies greatly by ethnicity. And these results should be important in terms of cancer genetics and in the genetic counseling for cancers.

Abstract Image

日本人口中癌症的遗传率:近期队列数据的估计
除罕见的家族性癌症外,癌症在遗传学上被归类为常见疾病,表现出所谓的多因素遗传。遗传率(h2)通常被用来衡量多因素疾病中遗传因素的强度。然而,有关癌症遗传率估计的报道却很少。我们引用了 Hidaka 等人在 2020 年发表的一项大规模前瞻性队列研究的数据,根据受试人群的发病率和患者一级亲属的家族复发率计算了癌症的遗传率。这是首次报道任何癌症在日本人群中的遗传率。研究结果显示,日本人群总体癌症的遗传率为 0.064,远低于 Mucci 等人报告的北欧人群的 0.33。就单个癌症而言,胃癌(h2 = 0.14)、结肠直肠癌(0.006)、肺癌(0.08)和子宫癌(0.16)占癌症患者总数的一半,而且每种癌症的遗传率都比以前报告的欧洲人后裔的遗传率低。这项研究结果表明,不同种族的癌症遗传率差异很大。这些结果对癌症遗传学和癌症遗传咨询具有重要意义。
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来源期刊
Clinical Genetics
Clinical Genetics 医学-遗传学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
175
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Clinical Genetics links research to the clinic, translating advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of genetic disease for the practising clinical geneticist. The journal publishes high quality research papers, short reports, reviews and mini-reviews that connect medical genetics research with clinical practice. Topics of particular interest are: • Linking genetic variations to disease • Genome rearrangements and disease • Epigenetics and disease • The translation of genotype to phenotype • Genetics of complex disease • Management/intervention of genetic diseases • Novel therapies for genetic diseases • Developmental biology, as it relates to clinical genetics • Social science research on the psychological and behavioural aspects of living with or being at risk of genetic disease
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