In Situ Photoactivated Antibacterial and Antioxidant Composite Materials to Promote Bone Repair

Abstract

Trauma and tumor removal usually cause bone defects; in addition, the related postoperative infection also shall be carefully considered clinically. In this study, polylactic acid (PLLA) composite fibers containing Cerium oxide (CeO₂) are first prepared by electrospinning technology. Then, the PLLA/CeO₂@PDA/Ag composite materials are successfully prepared by reducing silver ion (Ag⁺) to nano-silver (AgNPs)  coating in situ and binding AgNPs to the materials surface by mussel structure liked polydopamine (PDA). In the materials, Ag⁺ can be slowly released in simulated body fluids. Based on the photothermal performance of AgNPs, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the materials is 21%, under NIR 808 nm illumination. The effective photothermal conversion can help materials fighting with E. coli and S. aureus in 3 h, with an antibacterial rate of 100%. Additionally, the sustained Ag⁺ release contributes to the antibacterial in long term. Meanwhile, the materials can mimic the bio-behavior of superoxide dismutase and catalase in decreasing the singlet oxygen level and removing the excess reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the materials are beneficial for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. In this study, a promising bone-regenerated material with high photothermal conversion efficiency and antibacterial and anti-oxidation properties, is successfully constructed.