Progress in cardiorespiratory fitness and motor coordination skills in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with easy fatigue and physical inactivity due to the side effects of guanfacine extended-release

Ken Kikuchi , Midori Hayashi , Manami Honda
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Abstract

Introduction

Guanfacine extended-release (GXR), a medication administered to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), demonstrates side effects, including hypotension, bradycardia, sedation, and somnolence. Children with ADHD with easy fatigue and physical inactivity caused by these side effects have been reported in clinical practice. ADHD medications improve motor function in the short term. Herein, we report the progress in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and motor function of children with ADHD with easy fatigue and physical inactivity after GXR treatment.

Case presentation

A 7-year-old patient with ADHD began to demonstrate marked fatigue and physical inactivity after taking GXR. His treatment was then combined with physical therapy which was continued once a month for approximately one year and included a treadmill exercise test (10-minute walk with a multistep load protocol of 3.0–8.0 km/h) and instruction in motor coordination skills, including home exercises. The GXR dose was increased approximately every 9–10 months, considering the weight and increasing problems at home. Motor coordination skills improved immediately after the increased GXR dose, and the CRF progressed well as the effect of medication subsided.

Discussion/Conclusion

Fatigue and physical inactivity should be considered in exercise therapy in combination with GXR administration. Thus, combined exercise therapy and medication that considers CRF and skill acquisition status may be effective for children with ADHD.

因服用胍法辛缓释片的副作用而容易疲劳和缺乏运动的注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童在心肺功能和运动协调能力方面的进步
导言胍法辛缓释片(GXR)是一种治疗注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)的药物,具有低血压、心动过缓、镇静和嗜睡等副作用。在临床实践中,有报道称患有多动症的儿童因这些副作用而容易疲劳和不爱运动。多动症药物可在短期内改善运动功能。病例介绍 一位 7 岁的多动症患者在服用 GXR 后开始表现出明显的疲劳和肢体不活动。随后,他接受了物理治疗,治疗持续了大约一年,每月一次,包括跑步机运动测试(10 分钟步行,3.0-8.0 公里/小时的多步负重方案)和运动协调技能指导,包括家庭练习。考虑到体重和家庭问题的增加,GXR 的剂量大约每 9-10 个月增加一次。增加 GXR 剂量后,运动协调能力立即得到改善,随着药物效果的减弱,CRF 进展良好。因此,考虑到CRF和技能掌握情况的运动疗法与药物治疗相结合,可能对多动症儿童有效。
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