Near-infrared responsive magnetic photocatalyst based on NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@Cu2O@MoS2@Fe3O4 for the efficient degradation of organic contaminants†

Abstract

In the realm of photocatalysis, effectively utilizing solar energy, especially the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, presents substantial challenges. To tackle this issue, a novel composite of NaYF₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺@Cu₂O@MoS₂@Fe₃O₄ (denoted as NYE@Cu₂O@MoS₂@Fe₃O₄) was ingeniously fabricated and assessed for the photodegradation of organic contaminants. By harnessing the distinct properties of upconversion materials, narrow bandgap semiconductors, and magnetic substances, the NYE@Cu₂O@MoS₂@Fe₃O₄ catalyst possesses a photodegradation rate of 92% for the rhodamine B dye under NIR light radiation, which is superior to NYE@Cu₂O (50%) and NYE@Cu₂O@MoS₂ (85%). The enhanced performance in the near-infrared photocatalysis of NYE@Cu₂O@MoS₂@Fe₃O₄ is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of various components, which promotes an increase in photo-induced carrier generation and facilitates their efficient transfer and energy utilization under NIR irradiation. This study provides a possible route for the near-infrared photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in areas with limited light or even dark conditions.