Pesticides and transformation products in surface waters of western Montérégie, Canada: occurrence, spatial distribution and ecotoxicological risks†

IF 3.5 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Xiameng Feng, Zhen Liu, Sung Vo Duy, Gabriel Munoz, Lise Parent and Sébastien Sauvé
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence, spatial distribution, and ecotoxicological risk of pesticides and transformation products in surface waters of western Montérégie (Quebec, Canada). A total of 29 samples were collected from 11 rivers during the summers of 2019 and 2021, and the samples were analyzed for 48 pesticides and 8 transformation products. The downstream data were used to assess the ecotoxicological risks based on Quebec's acute or chronic aquatic life criterion (AALC or CALC). Overall, 9 herbicides (glyphosate, S-metolachlor, 2,4-D, metribuzin, atrazine, MCPA, prometryn, dimethenamid, simazine), 3 insecticides (clothianidin, imidacloprid, chlorantraniliprole), and 4 fungicides (azoxystrobin, fluxapyroxad, tebuconazole, carbendazim) were detected at all sampling sites, demonstrating their widespread use in western Montérégie. Glyphosate (87–4095 ng L−1), S-metolachlor (6–2519 ng L−1), and 2,4-D (6–1094 ng L−1) were identified as the most abundant pesticides in surface water. Furthermore, 6 pesticide transformation products (metolachlor ESA, AMPA, metolachlor OA, desethylatrazine, atrazine-2-hydroxy, desisopropylatrazine) were detected at all sampling sites. The concentration of transformation products accounted for 51% on average of the total concentration, demonstrating the abundance of transformation products in surface waters. Neonicotinoids exhibited the highest ecotoxicological risk in the surface water samples with an average CALC risk quotient of 28 for 2019 and 12 for 2021, respectively. The present study offers insights into pesticides occurrence and their ecological impacts on surface waters of western Montérégie and allows for supporting future pesticide management and ecotoxicological risk mitigation strategies.

Abstract Image

加拿大 Montérégie 西部地表水中的杀虫剂和转化产物:出现、空间分布和生态毒理学风险
本研究旨在调查加拿大魁北克省蒙特雷吉西部地表水中农药和转化产物的发生、空间分布和生态毒理学风险。在 2019 年和 2021 年夏季,共从 11 条河流中采集了 29 份样本,并对样本中的 48 种农药和 8 种转化产物进行了分析。下游数据用于根据魁北克省急性或慢性水生生物标准(AALC 或 CALC)评估生态毒理学风险。总体而言,在所有采样点都检测到了 9 种除草剂(草甘膦、S-甲草胺、2,4-D、甲萘威、莠去津、MCPA、丙炔草酯、二甲戊灵、西玛津)、3 种杀虫剂(噻虫嗪、吡虫啉、氯虫苯甲酰胺)和 4 种杀菌剂(唑螨酯、氟螨脲、戊唑醇、多菌灵),这表明它们在蒙泰雷吉省西部被广泛使用。草甘膦(87-4095 纳克/升)、S-甲草胺(6-2519 纳克/升)和 2,4-D (6-1094 纳克/升)是地表水中含量最高的农药。此外,在所有采样点还检测到 6 种农药转化产物(甲草胺 ESA、甲草胺 AMPA、甲草胺 OA、去乙基atrazine、阿特拉津-2-羟基、去异丙基atrazine)。转化产物的浓度平均占总浓度的 51%,这表明转化产物在地表水中的含量很高。新烟碱类在蒙特雷盖省西部地表水中的生态毒理学风险最高,2019 年和 2021 年的平均 CALC 风险商数分别为 28 和 12。本研究有助于深入了解农药的发生及其对蒙泰雷吉省西部地表水的生态影响,并为未来的农药管理和生态毒理学风险缓解战略提供支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
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