Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among Slovenian children and adolescents: A prospective cohort study

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Helicobacter Pub Date : 2024-04-28 DOI:10.1111/hel.13082

Anja Šterbenc, Uroš Godnov, Polona Maver Vodičar, Saša Simčič, Samo Jeverica, Živa Zaletel, Pia Homan, Eva Miler Mojškerc, Matjaž Homan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is primarily acquired in childhood and is notably influenced by socioeconomic variances across different geographical regions. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Slovenian children and to identify potential risk factors that facilitate the infection.

Materials and Methods

Between 2019 and 2022, we conducted a multi-center prospective cross-sectional study among healthy children residing in three different administrative regions in Slovenia. H. pylori infection status was determined using a monoclonal antibody-based stool antigen test (SAT). A standardized questionnaire was designed to evaluate the influence of various H. pylori-associated risk factors, including demographics and socioeconomic, housing and sanitation conditions.

Results

During the 3-year period, we recruited a total of 421 children and adolescents (age range 2–18 years, mean age 10.29 ± 4.95 years). Overall, 46 (10.9%) were diagnosed with H. pylori infection. No associations were found between H. pylori prevalence rates and increasing age, sex, parental education level, country of birth of the child or their parents, number of household members, household income, having a dishwasher, owning a pet, duration of breastfeeding, fruit intake frequency, drinking tap water, and handwashing practices. The only parameters associated with an increased risk of infection were the location of the school (p < 0.001) and living in an urban area (p = 0.036). The odds of infection were approximately 4.77 times higher if the child attended school in the Central Slovenian compared to other regions (OR = 4.77; 95% CI 0.87–2.34).

Conclusions

This is the first study providing information on the prevalence of H. pylori infection among Slovenian children and adolescents. Using SAT, we have shown that the burden of H. pylori infection in our pediatric population is low; however, it seems to depend on regional rather than socioeconomic factors.

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斯洛文尼亚儿童和青少年幽门螺杆菌感染率：前瞻性队列研究

背景幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染主要发生在儿童时期，不同地区的社会经济差异对其影响显著。本研究旨在评估斯洛文尼亚儿童的幽门螺杆菌感染率，并确定导致感染的潜在风险因素。材料与方法 2019 年至 2022 年期间，我们对居住在斯洛文尼亚三个不同行政区域的健康儿童进行了一项多中心前瞻性横断面研究。幽门螺杆菌感染状况通过基于单克隆抗体的粪便抗原检测（SAT）来确定。我们设计了一份标准化问卷，以评估与幽门螺杆菌相关的各种风险因素的影响，包括人口统计学、社会经济、住房和卫生条件。结果在 3 年的时间里，我们共招募了 421 名儿童和青少年（年龄在 2-18 岁之间，平均年龄为 10.29 ± 4.95 岁）。其中 46 人（10.9%）被确诊感染幽门螺杆菌。未发现幽门螺杆菌感染率与年龄、性别、父母教育水平、儿童或其父母的出生国、家庭成员数量、家庭收入、拥有洗碗机、拥有宠物、母乳喂养时间、水果摄入频率、饮用自来水和洗手习惯之间存在关联。唯一与感染风险增加有关的参数是学校所在地（p < 0.001）和居住在城市地区（p = 0.036）。与其他地区相比，在斯洛文尼亚中部地区上学的儿童受感染的几率大约高出 4.77 倍（OR = 4.77；95% CI 0.87-2.34）。结论这是第一项关于斯洛文尼亚儿童和青少年幽门螺杆菌感染率的研究。通过使用 SAT，我们发现我国儿童幽门螺杆菌感染率较低；不过，这似乎取决于地区因素而非社会经济因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Helicobacter 医学-微生物学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Helicobacter is edited by Professor David Y Graham. The editorial and peer review process is an independent process. Whenever there is a conflict of interest, the editor and editorial board will declare their interests and affiliations. Helicobacter recognises the critical role that has been established for Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and primary gastric lymphoma. As new helicobacter species are now regularly being discovered, Helicobacter covers the entire range of helicobacter research, increasing communication among the fields of gastroenterology; microbiology; vaccine development; laboratory animal science.