Evaluation and Utilization of Flow Artifacts at CT

IF 5.2 1区医学 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Radiographics Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI:10.1148/rg.230134

Caroline L. Robb, Kaitlin M. Marquis, Kacie L. Steinbrecher, Mark M. Hammer, Travis Henry, Sanjeev Bhalla, Constantine A. Raptis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Flow artifacts are commonly encountered at contrast-enhanced CT and can be difficult to discern from true pathologic conditions. Therefore, radiologists must be comfortable distinguishing flow artifacts from true pathologic conditions. This is of particular importance when evaluating the pulmonary arteries and aorta, as a flow artifact may be mistaken for a pulmonary embolism or dissection flap. Understanding the mechanics of flow artifacts and how these artifacts are created can help radiologists in several ways. First, this knowledge can help radiologists appreciate how the imaging characteristics of flow artifacts differ from true pathologic conditions. This information can also help radiologists better recognize the clinical conditions that predispose patients to flow artifacts, such as pneumonia, chronic lung damage, and altered cardiac output. By understanding when flow artifacts may be confounding the interpretation of an examination, radiologists can then know when to pursue other troubleshooting methods to assist with the diagnosis. In these circumstances, the radiologist can consider several troubleshooting methods, including adjusting the imaging protocols, recommending when additional imaging may be helpful, and suggesting which imaging study would be the most beneficial. Finally, flow artifacts can also be used as a diagnostic tool when evaluating the vascular anatomy, examples of which include the characterization of shunts, venous collaterals, intimomedial flaps, and alternative patterns of blood flow, as seen in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuits.

^©RSNA, 2024

Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.

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CT 流量伪影的评估和利用

造影剂增强 CT 常常会出现血流伪影，而且很难与真正的病理情况区分开来。因此，放射科医生必须能够将血流伪影与真正的病理情况区分开来。这一点在评估肺动脉和主动脉时尤为重要，因为血流伪影可能会被误认为是肺栓塞或夹层瓣。了解血流伪影的机理以及这些伪影是如何产生的可以在几个方面帮助放射科医生。首先，这些知识可以帮助放射科医生了解血流伪影的成像特征与真正的病理情况有何不同。这些信息还能帮助放射科医生更好地识别容易出现血流伪影的临床症状，如肺炎、慢性肺损伤和心输出量改变。通过了解血流伪影何时会干扰检查结果的判读，放射科医生就能知道何时应采用其他故障排除方法来协助诊断。在这种情况下，放射科医生可以考虑几种排除故障的方法，包括调整成像方案、建议何时进行额外的成像检查可能会有帮助，以及建议进行哪种成像检查最有益。最后，在评估血管解剖结构时，血流伪影也可用作诊断工具，其中的例子包括分流、静脉袢、内膜瓣和体外膜氧合回路中出现的其他血流模式。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radiographics 医学-核医学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

5.50%

发文量

224

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Launched by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) in 1981, RadioGraphics is one of the premier education journals in diagnostic radiology. Each bimonthly issue features 15–20 practice-focused articles spanning the full spectrum of radiologic subspecialties and addressing topics such as diagnostic imaging techniques, imaging features of a disease or group of diseases, radiologic-pathologic correlation, practice policy and quality initiatives, imaging physics, informatics, and lifelong learning. A special issue, a monograph focused on a single subspecialty or on a crossover topic of interest to multiple subspecialties, is published each October. Each issue offers more than a dozen opportunities to earn continuing medical education credits that qualify for AMA PRA Category 1 CreditTM and all online activities can be applied toward the ABR MOC Self-Assessment Requirement.