Extraction of trans-Anethole from Star Anise (Illicium verum) Using Combination of Microwave, Ultrasonic, and Enzyme Assisted Methods and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.22146/ijc.79341

E. Iftitah, Warsito Warsito, Vivi Nurhadianty, Fitri Ariadna Sodi Miranda, Rafika Nur Hafidah

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Abstract

This study examines the efficiency of non-conventional extraction methods to obtain trans-anethole from Illicium verum using single and combination extraction techniques: microwave assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and enzyme assisted extraction (EAE) employing lipase from Aspergillus oryzae. All extraction methods were conducted using 96% ethanol (1:5 w/v) with varying time durations. The resulting product was an oleoresin, subsequently analyzed and separated using thin liquid chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography employing a solvent mixture of toluene and ethyl acetate in a 9:1 ratio and identified via gas chromatography-mass spectra (GC-MS). The results revealed that trans-anethole yields from a single extraction method were 30.76% (MAE), 41.05% (UAE), and 40.90% (EAE). The combination of extraction methods, such as MAE-UAE, MAE-EAE, and UAE-EAE, produced trans-anethole yields of approximately 42.73%, 52.80%, and 45.02% respectively, surpassing the yields of the single extraction method. Notably, the triple extraction method of MAE-UAE-EAE yielded the highest trans-anethole content at 56.00%. Antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus was performed on all samples. The trans-anethole demonstrating the highest inhibitory effect was obtained from the double extraction method, particularly the combination of UAE-EAE. These results underscore the synergistic efficiency of combining microwave, ultrasound, and enzymatic extraction methods, highlighting their superior efficacy in obtaining trans-anethole.

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使用微波、超声波和酶辅助方法从八角（Illicium verum）中提取反式茴香醚并评估其抗菌活性

本研究考察了非常规萃取法从桔梗中获取反式乙醚的效率，包括单一萃取技术和组合萃取技术：微波辅助萃取（MAE）、超声辅助萃取（UAE）和利用黑曲霉脂肪酶的酶辅助萃取（EAE）。所有萃取方法均使用 96% 的乙醇（1:5 w/v），萃取时间长短不一。随后使用薄液相色谱法（TLC）和柱色谱法（使用甲苯和乙酸乙酯以 9:1 的比例混合溶剂）对所得产物进行分析和分离，并通过气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）进行鉴定。结果显示，单一萃取方法的反式茴香醚收率分别为 30.76%（MAE）、41.05%（UAE）和 40.90%（EAE）。而 MAE-UAE、MAE-EAE 和 UAE-EAE 等组合萃取法的反式茴香硫醚得率分别约为 42.73%、52.80% 和 45.02%，超过了单一萃取法的得率。值得注意的是，MAE-UAE-EAE 三重萃取法的反式茴香醚含量最高，达到 56.00%。对所有样品都进行了金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌测试。双重萃取法，尤其是 UAE-EAE 组合萃取法获得的反式茴香醚的抑菌效果最高。这些结果凸显了微波、超声波和酶联萃取法的协同效应，突出了它们在获得反式乙内酰脲方面的卓越功效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.