Modification of Natural Zeolite from Klaten, Indonesia Using Ammonium Chloride by Ion-Exchange and Its Application as Catalyst in Ethanol Dehydration to Produce Diethyl Ether

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Zaira Adila, W. Trisunaryanti, T. Triyono
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Abstract

Modification of a natural zeolite from Klaten, Indonesia, as a catalyst in the dehydration of ethanol to produce diethyl ether (DEE) has been conducted. Raw Klaten natural zeolite (ZA) was modified using 1 and 2 M of an ammonium chloride solution for 24 h while stirring for 18 h, then calcined at 500 °C for 5 h under N2 gas flow produced HZA1 and HZA2 catalyst, respectively. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, BET surface area, SEM-EDX, XRF, FTIR and gravimetric acidity test using ammonia-based vapor. The dehydration process was conducted under variations of temperature (200, 250, and 300 °C) and catalyst mass of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 g for 20 mL of 96% ethanol. The HZA1 catalyst produced the highest yield of DEE (2.41%) at 250 °C and 0.1 g catalyst. This catalyst showed needle-like of 66.22 nm crystal size, consisting of 32.57% mordenite, the highest surface area (48.32 m2/g), crystallinity (32.93%) and Brønsted acid sites (2.75 mmol/g), the lowest pore diameter (1.77 nm) and Si/Al mol ratio (4.03). The HZA1 catalyst can be used repetitively and produced DEE yield at the second and third runs (2.40 and 2.61%).
通过离子交换使用氯化铵对印度尼西亚克拉登的天然沸石进行改性,并将其用作乙醇脱水生成二乙醚的催化剂
研究人员对印度尼西亚克拉登(Klaten)的一种天然沸石进行了改性,将其作为乙醇脱水生成二乙醚(DEE)的催化剂。使用 1 M 和 2 M 的氯化铵溶液对原始克拉登天然沸石 (ZA) 进行 24 小时的改性,同时搅拌 18 小时,然后在 500 °C 的条件下,在 N2 气体流下煅烧 5 小时,分别制得 HZA1 和 HZA2 催化剂。催化剂的表征方法包括 XRD、BET 表面积、SEM-EDX、XRF、傅立叶变换红外光谱和使用氨蒸汽进行的重量酸度测试。在温度(200、250 和 300 °C)和催化剂质量(0.1、0.2 和 0.4 克)变化的情况下,对 20 毫升 96% 乙醇进行了脱水处理。在 250 °C 和 0.1 克催化剂条件下,HZA1 催化剂产生的 DEE 产率最高(2.41%)。该催化剂呈针状,晶体尺寸为 66.22 nm,由 32.57% 的莫来石组成,具有最高的比表面积(48.32 m2/g)、结晶度(32.93%)和布氏酸位点(2.75 mmol/g),最低的孔径(1.77 nm)和硅/铝摩尔比(4.03)。HZA1 催化剂可重复使用,并在第二次和第三次运行时产生 2.40% 和 2.61% 的二乙二醇产率。
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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