Collapse or distention of the perioptic space in children - What does it mean to pediatric radiologists? Comprehensive review of perioptic space evaluation
IF 1.8 4区 医学Q3 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING
Sriram Jaganathan , Andrew Baker , Adhitya Ram , Venkatram Krishnan , Abdelrahman M. Elhusseiny , Paul H. Philips , Charles M. Glasier , Sateesh Jayappa , Arabinda Choudhary , Raghu Ramakrishnaiah
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The perioptic space comprises the subarachnoid space [SAS] of the optic nerve communicating with the SAS of the central nervous system. Pressure variations in the SAS of the central nervous system can be transmitted to the optic papilla through the perioptic space. Variations in the diameter of the perioptic space serve as an important indicator for select intracranial pathologies in the pediatric population. Though the perioptic space can be evaluated using various imaging modalities, MRI is considered highly effective due to its superior soft tissue resolution. With advancement in MR imaging techniques, high-resolution images of the orbits can provide improved visualization of the perioptic space. It is imperative for the pediatric radiologist to routinely assess the perioptic space on brain and orbit MR imaging, as it can prompt exploration for additional features associated with select intracranial pathologies, thus improving diagnostic accuracy. This article reviews basic anatomy of the perioptic space, current understanding of the CSF dynamics between the perioptic space and central nervous system SAS, various imaging modalities utilized in the assessment of the perioptic space, MRI sequences and the optimal parameters of specific sequences, normal appearance of the perioptic space on MR imaging, and various common pediatric pathologies which cause alteration in the perioptic space.
视乳头周围空间包括视神经的蛛网膜下腔(SAS),与中枢神经系统的 SAS 相通。中枢神经系统蛛网膜下腔的压力变化可通过视神经周围间隙传递到视乳头。视神经周围间隙直径的变化是判断儿科颅内病变的一个重要指标。虽然可以使用各种成像模式对视周间隙进行评估,但核磁共振成像因其卓越的软组织分辨率而被认为是非常有效的。随着核磁共振成像技术的发展,眼眶的高分辨率图像可提供更好的眼周空间可视化。儿科放射科医生必须在脑部和眼眶磁共振成像中对眼眶周围进行常规评估,因为它可以提示探索与某些颅内病变相关的其他特征,从而提高诊断的准确性。本文回顾了视神经周围间隙的基本解剖结构、目前对视神经周围间隙和中枢神经系统 SAS 之间 CSF 动态的理解、评估视神经周围间隙时使用的各种成像模式、MRI 序列和特定序列的最佳参数、视神经周围间隙在 MR 成像上的正常外观以及导致视神经周围间隙改变的各种常见儿科病变。
期刊介绍:
The mission of Clinical Imaging is to publish, in a timely manner, the very best radiology research from the United States and around the world with special attention to the impact of medical imaging on patient care. The journal''s publications cover all imaging modalities, radiology issues related to patients, policy and practice improvements, and clinically-oriented imaging physics and informatics. The journal is a valuable resource for practicing radiologists, radiologists-in-training and other clinicians with an interest in imaging. Papers are carefully peer-reviewed and selected by our experienced subject editors who are leading experts spanning the range of imaging sub-specialties, which include:
-Body Imaging-
Breast Imaging-
Cardiothoracic Imaging-
Imaging Physics and Informatics-
Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine-
Musculoskeletal and Emergency Imaging-
Neuroradiology-
Practice, Policy & Education-
Pediatric Imaging-
Vascular and Interventional Radiology