Unforeseen Detection of Klinefelter Syndrome During the Management of Lupus Nephritis in An Adolescent– a Case

Abstract

Autoimmune disease is common in males with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) as testosterone deficiency predisposes them to the disease. A 20-year-old male who was diagnosed with lupus nephritis and he presented with bilateral progressive gynecomastia associated with signs of hypogonadism. Further workup confirmed the incidental diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome (KS). This case illustrates the importance of investigating the cause of hypogonadism in males with autoimmune disease as early treatment with testosterone therapy can be beneficial in treating the clinical disease and preventing complications.