The world's experience of introducing prophylactic programs in dentistry

S. B. Ulitovskiy, L. Orekhova, O. Kalinina, A. A. Leontev, E. Loboda
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Abstract

Relevance. The oral health of the global population is fundamentally influenced by the incidence and severity of dental caries and periodontal diseases. To combat these issues, developed nations devise and execute preventive programs, tailoring their efforts to address the DEF (Decayed, Extracted, and Filled teeth) index across various age demographics. This approach signifies a paradigm shift, with governments now prioritizing the support of oral health through the introduction of comprehensive preventive strategies aimed at combating prevalent oral diseases. The efficacy of these programs, however, hinges on the occurrence of dental caries and, by extension, the availability of oral health professionals. This availability, in turn, shapes the landscape of health facilities—whether public or private—determining their ability to cater to community needs for oral health services. Consequently, the capacity to implement preventive measures is gauged against these dynamics. Furthermore, the nature and scope of preventive actions within these programs vary from one country to another, influenced primarily by the allocation of healthcare budgets by respective governments.Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific articles and original research from the PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect for the last 10 years. The search was carried out by keywords: dental prevention programs in the world, prevention of dental health, organization of preventive care in the world. An examination of research articles and original papers was conducted, drawing from databases such as PubMed, ResearchGate, and ScienceDirect over the last decade. The search employed specific key phrases, including "dental prevention programs worldwide", "dental health prevention", and "global organization of preventive dental care".Results. The initial advancement towards the creation and implementation of fluoride prophylaxis programs occurred following the discovery of fluoride's presence in water. A pivotal moment occurred in 1949 at Indiana State University when J.C. Muhler introduced the idea of fluoride toothpaste (specifically sodium fluoride) as a means to combat dental caries in children. Subsequent innovations included the use of silver fluoride for argentation. European countries took a holistic approach, emphasizing oral hygiene, fluoride toothpaste usage, and balanced nutrition. Meanwhile, the US and EU shifted towards a preventive approach within health insurance frameworks. A critical factor influencing the effectiveness of these preventive care programs is the availability of oral health professionals per 10,000 people in the population, alongside social workers advocating for healthy living and oral health. The engagement of more oral health professionals in preventive efforts correlates with a reduction in the incidence and severity of common oral diseases.Conclusion. The six stages of preventive care development and transformation highlight the evolving trends in global dentistry, which are crucial for ensuring the quality of oral health care across different countries. The effectiveness of these programs in individual nations is contingent upon the specific preventive care.
在牙科中引入预防方案的世界经验
相关性。全球人口的口腔健康从根本上受到龋齿和牙周疾病发病率和严重程度的影响。为了解决这些问题,发达国家制定并实施了预防计划,针对不同年龄段人口的蛀牙、拔牙和补牙指数(DEF)采取相应的措施。这种方法标志着一种模式的转变,各国政府现在将支持口腔健康作为优先事项,通过引入全面的预防战略来防治流行的口腔疾病。然而,这些计划的效果取决于龋齿的发生率,进而取决于口腔卫生专业人员的可用性。这种可用性反过来又塑造了医疗设施的面貌--无论是公共的还是私人的--决定了它们满足社区对口腔健康服务需求的能力。因此,实施预防措施的能力是根据这些动态来衡量的。此外,这些计划中预防措施的性质和范围因国而异,主要受各国政府医疗预算分配的影响。对 PubMed、ResearchGate 和 ScienceDirect 上过去 10 年的科学文章和原创研究进行分析。搜索关键词包括:世界牙科预防计划、牙科健康预防、世界预防保健组织。从 PubMed、ResearchGate 和 ScienceDirect 等数据库中提取了过去十年的研究文章和原始论文。搜索使用了特定的关键词,包括 "全球牙科预防计划"、"牙科健康预防 "和 "全球牙科预防保健组织"。氟在水中的存在被发现后,氟预防计划的建立和实施取得了初步进展。1949 年,J.C. Muhler 在印第安纳州立大学提出了用含氟牙膏(特别是氟化钠)防治儿童龋齿的想法,这是一个关键时刻。随后的创新还包括使用氟化银进行洗牙。欧洲国家采取综合方法,强调口腔卫生、使用含氟牙膏和均衡营养。与此同时,美国和欧盟在医疗保险框架内转向预防方法。影响这些预防性保健计划有效性的一个关键因素是,每 10 000 人中是否有口腔卫生专业人员,以及倡导健康生活和口腔卫生的社会工作者。让更多的口腔卫生专业人员参与预防工作与降低常见口腔疾病的发病率和严重程度相关。预防保健发展和转型的六个阶段突显了全球牙科不断发展的趋势,这对于确保不同国家的口腔保健质量至关重要。这些计划在各个国家的有效性取决于具体的预防保健。
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