Identify Common Risk Factors Associated with Intrauterine Fetal Death (IUFD): A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The definition of stillbirth recommended by WHO for international comparison is a baby born with no sign of Life at or after 28 weeks gestation. Aim of the study: The study aims to identify common risk factors associated with IUFD in Gaibandha 250 Bedded District Hospital, Gaibandha, Bangladesh. Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology & obstetrics, Gaibandha 250 Bedded District Hospital, Gaibandha, Bangladesh. participant was recruited retrospectively from medical records spanning one year from March, 2023 to Feb 2024. Result: The study involves 75 participants, predominantly aged 21-30 (57.90%) with primary education (55.00%). Most are housewives (65.50%) with average income. Pregnancy experience varies, with 2-3 pregnancies being the most common (36.40%). Most have normal systolic blood pressure (81.80%) and mild anemia (78.40%). Obstetric history includes abortion (18.20%) and IUFD (13 patients). Regular antenatal care (63.60%) is prevalent. Gestational age is >36 weeks for 37% of cases. Birth weights range primarily from 1-2kg (39%). Maternal factors contribute significantly to intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), including chronic hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Conclusion: The findings underscored the significant impact of maternal, fetal, and socio-demographic variables on IUFD incidence. Maternal factors such as hypertension and pre-eclampsia emerged as significant contributors, alongside fetal and cord-related issues. Socioeconomic disparities and inadequate antenatal care underscored the importance of holistic healthcare interventions to mitigate IUFD risks.