Antagonistic properties of preparation to themicromycetes Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl

Abstract

Goal. To determine the antagonistic properties of the preparations MycoHelp, FitoHelp, Trichodermin-bio and Haupsin to the micromycetes Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. Methods. To study the influence of biological preparations on the growth and development of Fusarium oxysporum micromycetes, were chosen the preparations — MycoHelp, Fitohelp, Trichodermin-bio and Haupsin. The research was conducted in the laboratory of biocontrol of agroecosystems and organic production of the Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences. Determined Was determined the sensitivity of the micromycete Fusarium oxysporum to the studied the preparations. They were calculated rate of radial growth of the mycelium of micromycetes and the intensity of sporulation. Results. The micromycete F. oxysporum turned out to be the most sensitive to the preparations MycoHelp and Trichodermin-bio, where the colonies of the micromycete reached 8.7 and 30.5 mm. Micromycetes are less sensitive to Fitohelp and Gaupin, where the growth of the colony was 45.2 and 54.6 mm. Under the influence preparations of Trichodermin-bio, the growth rate of the F. oxysporum colony decreased to 0.1 mm/h, MycoHelp increased to 0.2 mm/h, Phytohelp to 0.5 mm/h, and Haupsin to 0.7 mm/h on the 4th day and decreases on the 6th day to 0.1 mm/h. On the control version, the growth rate was linear from 0.2 mm/h (on the 2nd day) to 0.7 mm/h (on the 6th day). The preparations Trichodermin-bio and Myco Help, which contain antagonistic fungi, significantly reduced the sporulation of the micromycete F. oxysporum, which ranged from 121.243 to 343.276 thousand units/ml. Compared to the control, which was characterized by a high intensity of sporulation, where the number of spores was above 1 million. Conclusions. It turns out to be the most sensitive to the preparations MycoHelp and Trichodermin-bio, where the zone of lack of growth is clearly visible, and less sensitive to the preparations Fitohelp and Gaupin. The growth rate of the colony of F. oxysporum under the influence of the drug Trichodermin-bio is low and reaches 0.1 mm/h. On the 2nd and 4th days, the growth rate increased to 0.2 mm/h under the influence of the drug MycoHelp, up to 0.5 mm/h under the influence of the Fitohelp preparations, and up to 0.7 mm/h under the influence of Haupsyn. This indicates that the preparations inhibit the growth of the micromycete F. oxysporum. The intensity of sporulation of the micromycete F. oxysporum significantly decreased under the influence of the preparations and ranged from 121.243 to 668.420 thousand units/ ml. Compared to the control, which was characterized by a high intensity of sporulation, where the number of spores was above 1 million. The preparations Trichodermin-bio and Myco Help, which contain antagonistic fungi, reduce the sporulation of the micromycete F. oxysporum by 3—9 times. Research in this direction deepens knowledge of the process of interaction of micromycetes and reveals new possibilities of biological control of the number of phytopathogenic fungi in agroecosystems. This will ensure an increase in the quality of grain products and reduce the level of anthropogenic impact on the natural environment.