How and why we built our Smart Farm

Hannu Haapala, Jyrki Kataja, Juho Pirttiniemi, Konsta Sarvela, Gilbert Ludwig, Iita Appelgrén, Janne Kalmari, Moona Taavitsainen, Samu Vesiluoma
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Abstract

The Smart Farm of Bioeconomy Campus project (2021–2023) developed a unique hub of Smart Farming technology. The resulting Smart Farm aims to accelerate the adoption of smart technologies in farms according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, at the Smart Farm, near-market technologies and services are tested, developed, and demonstrated. The aim is to remove barriers to their adoption and accelerate innovation in the sector, significantly increasing the benefits for farmers and the related agricultural industry. The foundation of the Smart Farm is based on processing various types of data. In the project, data was intensively collected from 16 hectares of test plots where barley was cultivated. Regular measurements were taken from the soil, crops, and from machinery and tractors equipped with ISOBUS technology. Measurements included the use of wireless soil sensors (20 units), drone imaging (RGB, multispectral, and thermal cameras), satellite images, and tractor telematics data. Additionally, the usability of the 5G signal in machine guidance was measured. Based on the collected data, precision farming was planned and implemented. Automated field navigation with headland automation was compared to traditional manual driving methods. Using GIS, maps such as profitability and energy consumption maps were generated from the data. The project developed a Farmer's Data Repository, through which a farmer can license their data to the desired destination via a data delivery service. The project also demonstrated the operation of such a system, compliant with EU data regulations, in collaboration with partner companies. A comprehensive project, the Finnish Future Farm (2023–2026), has begun based on the foundation of the Smart Farm, involving companies, educational and research organizations, farmers, and stakeholders. The project will build a digital twin of the physical Smart Farm, both of which will be utilized in R&D, experimentation, and education.
我们如何以及为何建造智能农场
生物经济园区智能农场项目(2021-2023 年)开发了一个独特的智能农业技术中心。由此产生的智能农场旨在根据联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs),加快智能技术在农场中的应用。因此,智能农场对接近市场的技术和服务进行测试、开发和示范。其目的是消除采用这些技术和服务的障碍,加快该行业的创新,从而显著提高农民和相关农业产业的收益。智能农场的基础是处理各类数据。在该项目中,从种植大麦的 16 公顷试验田中集中收集了数据。对土壤、作物以及配备 ISOBUS 技术的机械和拖拉机进行了定期测量。测量包括使用无线土壤传感器(20 个)、无人机成像(RGB、多光谱和热像仪)、卫星图像和拖拉机远程信息处理数据。此外,还测量了 5G 信号在机器导航中的可用性。根据收集到的数据,规划并实施了精准农业。与传统的手动驾驶方法相比,田间导航采用了垄头自动化技术。利用地理信息系统(GIS),从数据中生成了盈利能力图和能源消耗图等地图。该项目开发了一个农民数据存储库,农民可以通过数据交付服务将其数据授权给所需的目的地。该项目还与伙伴公司合作,演示了这种符合欧盟数据法规的系统的运行。在智能农场的基础上,一个名为 "芬兰未来农场"(2023-2026 年)的综合项目已经启动,参与方包括公司、教育和研究机构、农民和利益相关者。该项目将建立一个实体智能农场的数字孪生系统,两者都将用于研发、实验和教育。
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