Association between Hypothyroidism and PCOS in Primary Sub-Fertile Women

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women's reproductive health and fertility. This study aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics of primary sub-fertile women with and without PCOS. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at the Fertility Care Centre, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from June 2017 to November 2017. The study included 146 primary sub-fertile women, divided into two groups: Group A (n=73) with PCOS and Group B (n=73) without PCOS. Data on age distribution, educational background, occupation, BMI, hirsutism prevalence, and biochemical findings (TSH, FT3, FT4 levels) were collected and analyzed. Result: The study found significant differences in BMI and hirsutism prevalence between the two groups. Group A (with PCOS) had a higher mean BMI (26.8±7.2) and a greater prevalence of hirsutism (26%) compared to Group B (without PCOS), which had a mean BMI of 24.4±4.3 and a hirsutism prevalence of 11%. Additionally, Group A exhibited significantly higher mean TSH levels (5.0±2.4 µU/ml) than Group B (2.9±1.3 µU/ml). However, no significant differences were observed in FT3 and FT4 levels between the groups. Conclusion: The study highlights the association of PCOS with higher BMI, increased prevalence of hirsutism, and altered thyroid function, particularly elevated TSH levels, in primary sub-fertile women. These findings underscore the importance of considering both metabolic and endocrine factors in the management of sub-fertility in women with PCOS. The study contributes to a better understanding of the complex interplay between PCOS, thyroid function, and sub-fertility, suggesting the need for comprehensive evaluation and targeted treatment strategies in this population.