Evaluating the Re-emergence of Coups and the Democratic Consolidation in West Africa: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

The reappearance of military coups in West African politics is a notable phenomenon. After a period of nearly two decades where democratic governance seemed to prevail, the resurgence of military interventions is disconcerting for citizens across the region. This trend is particularly troubling as it has the potential to spread from one country to another. Recent events in West Africa have seen a concerning number of military coups, including those in Chad, Mali, Sudan, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Burkina-Faso, and Niger. Reports from Burkina-Faso indicate that the military has managed to prevent a counter-coup, highlighting the complexity and rapid succession of these events. The escalation and frequency of coups in West Africa are cause for concern, prompting a deeper examination of this resurgence. This study, titled "Resurgence of Coups in Africa: An Evaluation of West Africa," aims to address this phenomenon through two research questions and corresponding objectives. Drawing on elite and system theories, the study utilizes a quantitative design and employs content analysis for data interpretation. Findings suggest that the resurgence of military coups in West Africa can be attributed, at least in part, to a lack of democratic values and norms. To address this issue, the study recommends the institutionalization of democratic principles and the delivery of tangible benefits of democracy to the populace. By fostering a political environment grounded in democratic governance and ensuring that citizens experience the dividends of democracy, the study suggests that the likelihood of military interventions in West African politics can be mitigated. Keywords: Coups, Democracy, Consolidation, West Africa and Military