Management Outcome Assessment of Obstructive Jaundice and Associated Factor from Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Obstructive jaundice is common problem in daily clinical practice and among the most challenging conditions for planning current and future management. The causes are varied, but it is most commonly due to choledocholithiasis; benign strictures of the biliary tract, pancreaticobiliary malignancies, and metastatic disease. Surgery in patients with obstructive jaundice is generally considered to be associated with a higher incidence of complication and mortality. Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess outcome of obstructive jaundice and associated factors at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A longitudinal study design was used to conduct the study and all patients admitted to the surgical wards for whom surgery was done for obstructive jaundice from May 1, 2022 to April 30, 2023 G.C were included. Chi square fisher’s exact test was used to see the association between obstructive jaundice outcome and independent variables, significance was determined by p-value <0.05. Results: In these study 31 patients were enrolled and the mean age was 49.03 SD±16.16 years. Of patients diagnosed to have obstructive jaundice majority are due to benign causes. Common bile duct stones are the commonest benign condition accounting 88.2% and peri-ampullary cancers are the most frequent (48.4%) cause of obstructive jaundice from malignant condition. Among patients operated 38.7% were underwent bypass procedures. Post-operative complications occurred in 9 (24.3. %) of patients, with surgical site infection being commonest (55.5%). Significant association was identified between types of post-operative complication and management outcome (P=0.034). Conclusion: The most common cause of obstructive jaundice was bile duct stone. Post-operative complications were significantly associated with management outcome of obstructive jaundice.