Impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on the first inter-monsoon rainfall over Sri Lanka in the post-El Niño years

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.3389/fclim.2024.1361322

K. R. K. D. N. Ranaweera, Youichi Kamae

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sri Lanka has a tropical monsoon climate. The first intermonsoon (FIM) season is one of four rainfall seasons. Previous investigations have explored the concurrent ramifications of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO); however, its impact on seasonal rainfall patterns in the country in the post-El Niño years remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate anomalous FIM rainfall in Sri Lanka during the post-El Niño years. Weather station rainfall data from the Department of Meteorology for 114 stations for 1975–2019, Japanese 55-year reanalysis data, and COBE sea surface temperature data were used in this study. A significant negative correlation between rainfall at most stations and the preceding year’s November, December, and January Niño3.4 index (NDJ Niño3.4) was identified for the FIM season. All three super El Niño events and one of the two strong El Niño events agree with the above results, showing a clear negative rainfall anomaly pattern. The Indo-western Pacific Ocean Capacitor effect was identified as the cause of rainfall reduction during the FIM season in Sri Lanka and in contrast, the post-El Niño season in 1988 exhibited a positive rainfall anomaly. A rapid transition from El Niño to La Niña and the associated atmospheric conditions were identified as significant contributors to these features. The findings of this study will help overcome this research gap and improve the accuracy of seasonal forecasts for the country.

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厄尔尼诺南方涛动对后厄尔尼诺时期斯里兰卡季风间第一场降雨的影响

斯里兰卡属于热带季风气候。第一季风季（FIM）是四个降雨季节之一。以往的研究探讨了厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）同时产生的影响；但是，厄尔尼诺南方涛动对后厄尔尼诺年斯里兰卡季节性降雨模式的影响仍未得到探讨。本研究旨在调查后厄尔尼诺时期斯里兰卡的异常 FIM 降雨量。本研究使用了气象局 114 个站点 1975-2019 年的气象站降雨量数据、日本 55 年再分析数据和 COBE 海洋表面温度数据。研究发现，在 FIM 季节，大多数站点的降雨量与前一年 11 月、12 月和 1 月的尼诺 3.4 指数（NDJ Niño3.4）之间存在明显的负相关。所有三次超强厄尔尼诺事件和两次强厄尔尼诺事件中的一次都与上述结果一致，显示出明显的负降雨异常模式。印度洋-西太平洋电容器效应被认为是斯里兰卡 FIM 季节降雨量减少的原因，相反，1988 年的后厄尔尼诺季节降雨量异常为正。从厄尔尼诺现象到拉尼娜现象的迅速转变以及相关的大气条件被认为是造成这些特征的重要原因。这项研究的结果将有助于克服这一研究空白，提高该国季节预报的准确性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

567

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Electronic Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of electronic materials. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials science, engineering, optics, physics, and chemistry into important applications of electronic materials. Sample research topics that span the journal's scope are inorganic, organic, ionic and polymeric materials with properties that include conducting, semiconducting, superconducting, insulating, dielectric, magnetic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and thermoelectric. Indexed/Abstracted： Web of Science SCIE Scopus CAS INSPEC Portico