Genetic Polymorphisms and Forensic Parameters of Thirteen X-Chromosome Markers in the Iraqi Kurdish Population

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.1155/2024/9125094

Ara K. Mohammad, Bahez Ismael, Khanzad Ahmed Ali, Balnd M. Albarzinji

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Abstract

X-chromosome short tandem repeat (X-STR) tools are crucial in forensic genetics and human population fields. This study presents the development and validation of a multiplex STR system consisting of thirteen X-STR loci and amelogenin specific to the human X chromosome. The system was optimized and tested for species specificity, sensitivity, stability, and DNA mixture using 9947A female and 9948 male control genomic DNA. The amplified products of nine loci were sequenced to determine the correct amplicon length. Allele frequencies, forensic parameters, mean exclusion chance (MEC), linkage disequilibrium (LD), and allelic patterns were investigated using DNA samples from 225 (159 male, 66 female) unrelated Kurdish individuals who live in Sulaymaniyah province in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The most informative locus in the Kurdish population was GATA172D05, while the least informative locus was DXS10164. The results demonstrated that the 13 X-STR system is highly polymorphic and sensitive for forensic DNA identification. Genetic distance-based clustering, metric multidimensional scaling (MDS), and correlation matrix were analyzed for 19 ethnic groups and populations. The phylogenetic tree showed that populations clustered according to their ethnogeographic relationships. The findings revealed genetic links between the Iraqi Kurds, Caucasians, Iraqi Arabs, United States (U.S.) ethnic groups, and Chinese populations.

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伊拉克库尔德人十三个 X 染色体标记的遗传多态性和法医参数

X 染色体短串联重复（X-STR）工具在法医遗传学和人类人口领域至关重要。本研究介绍了一种多重 STR 系统的开发和验证情况，该系统由 13 个 X-STR 位点和人类 X 染色体特异性淀粉样蛋白组成。使用 9947A 女性和 9948 男性对照基因组 DNA 对该系统进行了优化，并测试了其物种特异性、灵敏度、稳定性和 DNA 混合性。对九个位点的扩增产物进行了测序，以确定正确的扩增片段长度。利用生活在伊拉克库尔德地区苏莱曼尼亚省的 225 名（159 名男性，66 名女性）无血缘关系的库尔德人的 DNA 样本，对等位基因频率、法医参数、平均排除几率（MEC）、连锁不平衡（LD）和等位基因模式进行了研究。库尔德人中信息量最大的基因位点是 GATA172D05，信息量最小的基因位点是 DXS10164。结果表明，13 X-STR系统具有高度的多态性和灵敏性，可用于法医DNA鉴定。对19个族群和人群进行了基于遗传距离的聚类、度量多维标度（MDS）和相关矩阵分析。系统发生树显示，各族群根据其民族地理关系进行了聚类。研究结果表明，伊拉克库尔德人、高加索人、伊拉克阿拉伯人、美国人种和中国人种之间存在遗传联系。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.