Development of hBN / natural fibers reinforced polymer composites using Grey Relation Grade Analysis for thermal and electrical applications

Abstract

The objective of this work is to enhance the thermal conductivity and electrical properties of polymer hybrid composites through a systematic novel Grey Relation Grade Analysis (GRGA) optimization approach. This involves reinforcing the hybrid composites with hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) and various kinds of natural fibers or fillers. The development of a unique technology to produce multiphase composites using 2% of natural fibers or fillers such as coir fiber (CF), rice husk filler (RF), wood filler (WF), banana fiber (BF) and sugarcane fiber (SF) along with hBN (1, 3, 5 wt.%) particulates as reinforcements in epoxy matrix. The Taguchi L15 matrix array is utilized to fabricate interlaced composite samples via hand layup molding. Ultrasonic waves are used to ensure the uniform distribution of hBN filler into the matrix. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and GRGA reveal the significant results. It shows that the multiphase hybrid composites exhibit good thermal conductivity when higher content of hBN (5 wt.%) particulate for all the micro particulate polymer (MPP) composites. Multi-response optimization shows that the micro banana fiber (2 wt.%) interlaces with hBN (5 wt.%) composite exhibits the higher thermal conductivity and electrical resistance compared to all other natural fiber interlaced composites. The aforementioned MPP composite has thermal conductivity of 1.03 W/m.K and electrical resistance of 279.88 Giga Ohms. Besides, the wood filler interlaced hBN (5 wt.%) composite shows the minimum dielectric constant compared to all other natural fiber composites. This desirable result is caused by the proper dispersion of hBN with the matrix which encourages interlocking with the fiber and the matrix. Maximum electrical resistance is observed for composite containing 5 wt.% of h-BN and 2 wt.% of BF. The developed MPP composite could be used in heat shields, electrical insulation components, and interior automotive components like dashboards, luggage compartments and interior walls.