Genomic insights into Spiroplasma endosymbionts that induce male-killing and protective phenotypes in the pea aphid.

IF 2.2 4区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI:10.1093/femsle/fnae027

Hiroshi Arai, Fabrice Legeai, Daisuke Kageyama, A. Sugio, Jean-Christophe Simon

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Abstract

The endosymbiotic bacteria Spiroplasma (Mollicutes) infect diverse plants and arthropods, and some of which induce male killing, where male hosts are killed during development. Male-killing Spiroplasma strains belong to either the phylogenetically distant Citri-Poulsonii or Ixodetis groups. In Drosophila flies, Spiroplasma poulsonii induces male killing via the Spaid toxin. While Spiroplasma ixodetis infects a wide range of insects and arachnids, little is known about the genetic basis of S. ixodetis-induced male killing. Here, we analyzed the genome of S. ixodetis strains in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Aphididae, Hemiptera). Genome sequencing constructed a complete genome of a male-killing strain, sAp269, consisting of a 1.5 Mb circular chromosome and an 80 Kb plasmid. sAp269 encoded putative virulence factors containing either ankyrin repeat, ovarian tumor-like deubiquitinase, or ribosome inactivating protein domains, but lacked the Spaid toxin. Further comparative genomics of Spiroplasma strains in A. pisum biotypes adapted to different host plants revealed their phylogenetic associations and the diversity of putative virulence factors. Although the mechanisms of S. ixodetis-induced male killing in pea aphids remain elusive, this study underlines the dynamic genome evolution of S. ixodetis and proposes independent acquisition events of male-killing mechanisms in insects.

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从基因组学角度深入研究诱导豌豆蚜杀雄和保护表型的螺浆菌内共生体。

内共生细菌螺旋体（Mollicutes）会感染多种植物和节肢动物，其中一些会导致雄性宿主在发育过程中被杀死。杀雄螺浆菌株属于系统发育上遥远的 Citri-Poulsonii 或 Ixodetis 类。在果蝇中，Poulsonii 螺旋体通过 Spaid 毒素诱导杀雄。虽然Spiroplasma ixodetis感染多种昆虫和蛛形纲动物，但人们对S. ixodetis诱导雄性杀伤的遗传基础知之甚少。在这里，我们分析了豌豆蚜 Acyrthosiphon pisum（蚜科，半翅目）中的 S. ixodetis 菌株的基因组。基因组测序构建了一个杀雄菌株 sAp269 的完整基因组，它由一个 1.5 Mb 的环状染色体和一个 80 Kb 的质粒组成。sAp269 编码推测的毒力因子，含有杏仁蛋白重复、卵巢肿瘤样去泛素化酶或核糖体失活蛋白结构域，但缺乏 Spaid 毒素。对适应不同寄主植物的 A. pisum 生物型中的螺浆菌株进行进一步的比较基因组学研究，发现了它们之间的系统发育关系和假定毒力因子的多样性。尽管S. ixodetis诱导豌豆蚜雄性杀伤的机制仍然难以捉摸，但本研究强调了S. ixodetis基因组的动态进化，并提出了昆虫雄性杀伤机制的独立获取事件。

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来源期刊

Fems Microbiology Letters 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

112

审稿时长

1.9 months

期刊介绍： FEMS Microbiology Letters gives priority to concise papers that merit rapid publication by virtue of their originality, general interest and contribution to new developments in microbiology. All aspects of microbiology, including virology, are covered. 2019 Impact Factor: 1.987, Journal Citation Reports (Source Clarivate, 2020) Ranking: 98/135 (Microbiology) The journal is divided into eight Sections: Physiology and Biochemistry (including genetics, molecular biology and ‘omic’ studies) Food Microbiology (from food production and biotechnology to spoilage and food borne pathogens) Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology Pathogens and Pathogenicity (including medical, veterinary, plant and insect pathogens – particularly those relating to food security – with the exception of viruses) Environmental Microbiology (including ecophysiology, ecogenomics and meta-omic studies) Virology (viruses infecting any organism, including Bacteria and Archaea) Taxonomy and Systematics (for publication of novel taxa, taxonomic reclassifications and reviews of a taxonomic nature) Professional Development (including education, training, CPD, research assessment frameworks, research and publication metrics, best-practice, careers and history of microbiology) If you are unsure which Section is most appropriate for your manuscript, for example in the case of transdisciplinary studies, we recommend that you contact the Editor-In-Chief by email prior to submission. Our scope includes any type of microorganism - all members of the Bacteria and the Archaea and microbial members of the Eukarya (yeasts, filamentous fungi, microbial algae, protozoa, oomycetes, myxomycetes, etc.) as well as all viruses.