Chemical kinetics of silver diammine fluoride in demineralization and remineralization solutions—an in vitro study

IF 4.3 3区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI:10.3389/froh.2024.1374333

M. Kaur, P. Anderson, S. Shahid, F. S. L. Wong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) is a clinical minimal intervention to manage dentin caries. Its chemistry in demineralization conditions has been investigated widely, but far less in remineralization conditions. The aim was to investigate and compare the chemical reactions when SDF is added to remineralization and demineralization solutions.0.01 ml SDF (Riva Star) was added to deionized water (DW); demineralization (DS = pH4) and remineralization (RS = pH7.0) solutions. The time sequence of concentrations of NH4+, F−, and Ag+ were measured using ion selective electrodes (ISEs) every 2 min. The pH was also measured. Precipitates were characterized using x-ray Diffraction (XRD) and, 31P and 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR).The concentrations of NH4+ and Ag+ showed decreasing trends in DW (−0.12 and −0.08 mM/h respectively), and in DS (−1.06 and −0.5 mM/h respectively); with corresponding increase in F− concentration (0.04 and 0.7 mM/h respectively). However, in RS, NH4+ concentration showed little change (0.001 mM/h), and Ag+ and F− concentrations were negligible. XRD results showed that precipitates (in RS only) contained AgCl, and metallic Ag. NMR showed that fluorapatite/carbonated fluorapatite (FAP/CFAP) were formed. The pH increased after SDF addition in all three solutions.SDF dissolved to release NH4+, F− and Ag + . In DW and DS, NH4+ combined with Ag+ to form diamminesilver, causing an increase of F− and pH. In RS, F− reacted with Ca2+ and (PO)43− to form FAP/CFAP, and Ag+ reacted with Cl− to form AgCl/Ag. These suggests why SDF is effective in managing dentin caries.

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脱矿和再矿化溶液中二氨化银氟化物的化学动力学--体外研究

二氨基氟化银（SDF）是临床上治疗牙本质龋齿的最低干预措施。它在脱矿条件下的化学反应已被广泛研究，但在再矿化条件下的研究却少得多。将 0.01 毫升 SDF（Riva Star）加入去离子水（DW）、去矿物质溶液（DS = pH4）和再矿物质溶液（RS = pH7.0）中，目的是研究和比较 SDF 加入再矿物质溶液和去矿物质溶液时的化学反应。使用离子选择性电极（ISE）每隔 2 分钟测量一次 NH4+、F- 和 Ag+ 的浓度时序。同时还测量了 pH 值。NH4+ 和 Ag+ 的浓度在 DW（分别为 -0.12 和 -0.08 mM/h）和 DS（分别为 -1.06 和 -0.5 mM/h）中呈下降趋势；而 F- 的浓度则相应增加（分别为 0.04 和 0.7 mM/h）。然而，在 RS 中，NH4+ 浓度变化不大（0.001 mM/h），Ag+ 和 F- 浓度可忽略不计。XRD 结果表明，沉淀物（仅在 RS 中）含有 AgCl 和金属 Ag。NMR 显示形成了氟磷灰石/碳化氟磷灰石（FAP/CFAP）。在所有三种溶液中加入 SDF 后，pH 值都升高了。SDF 溶解后释放出 NH4+、F- 和 Ag +。在 DW 和 DS 中，NH4+ 与 Ag+ 结合形成二氨基银，导致 F- 和 pH 值升高。在 RS 中，F- 与 Ca2+ 和 (PO)43- 反应生成 FAP/CFAP，Ag+ 与 Cl- 反应生成 AgCl/Ag。这些都说明了为什么 SDF 能有效治疗牙本质龋齿。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Electronic Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

567

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Electronic Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of electronic materials. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials science, engineering, optics, physics, and chemistry into important applications of electronic materials. Sample research topics that span the journal's scope are inorganic, organic, ionic and polymeric materials with properties that include conducting, semiconducting, superconducting, insulating, dielectric, magnetic, optoelectronic, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and thermoelectric. Indexed/Abstracted： Web of Science SCIE Scopus CAS INSPEC Portico