Mid-term results and prospects for irregular shelterwood systems in hardwood-dominated temperate rainforests in Chile

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY
Pablo J. Donoso, Tomás Riquelme-Buitano, Daniel P. Soto
{"title":"Mid-term results and prospects for irregular shelterwood systems in hardwood-dominated temperate rainforests in Chile","authors":"Pablo J. Donoso, Tomás Riquelme-Buitano, Daniel P. Soto","doi":"10.33494/nzjfs542024x323x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: When possible, silviculture should aim to develop mixed-species multi-aged forests that can be more productive and resilient to disturbances, provide high-quality timber and sustain greater amounts of biomass. Southern Chile is covered by temperate rainforests dominated by a mixture of tree species, such as the Evergreen forest type (EFT). The irregular shelterwood regeneration method is a novel approach aimed at developing irregular multi-aged forests following the retention of the residual forest (no final cut). Here, we report mid-term results after implementing these cuttings in two EFT forests in the Coastal Range and discuss its prospects for other temperate rainforests.\nMethods: Two forests were sampled and evaluated in terms of composition, structure and growth, focusing on the new cohorts developed or released after the irregular shelterwood cuts. One forest was cut in a low-productivity site at 600 m (Hueicolla) in 1983, and the other in a medium-productivity site at 350 m (Llancahue) in 2009. In Hueicolla, 63% of the basal area was harvested from an old-growth forest where the main residual tree species were Eucryphia cordifolia, Laureliopsis philippiana and Saxegothaea conspicua. In Llancahue, 40% of the total basal area was harvested in a mature secondary forest dominated by Nothofagus dombeyi.\nResults: The understorey developed in Hueicolla had 3,600 trees per ha and a quadratic stand diameter of 15 cm. It was dominated by the mid-tolerant species Eucryphia cordifolia, Gevuina avellana and Lomatia ferruginea, plus the shade-tolerant Amomyrtus luma. In Llancahue, a dense lower canopy was dominated by Podocarpus salignus and Drimys winteri, both mid-tolerant species, which included 81,000 seedlings and saplings < 5 cm per hectare and 560 ingrowth 5-10 cm trees per hectare.\nConclusions: The irregular shelterwood cuts allowed the development of dense understorey tree layers below the residual trees. However, the tree composition of the new cohorts largely differed from that of the residual trees and was dominated by mid-tolerant species, including some short-lived species. The irregular shelterwood method proves appropriate for the EFT and may likely be successful in other forest types with valuable mid-tolerant species.","PeriodicalId":19172,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.33494/nzjfs542024x323x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FORESTRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: When possible, silviculture should aim to develop mixed-species multi-aged forests that can be more productive and resilient to disturbances, provide high-quality timber and sustain greater amounts of biomass. Southern Chile is covered by temperate rainforests dominated by a mixture of tree species, such as the Evergreen forest type (EFT). The irregular shelterwood regeneration method is a novel approach aimed at developing irregular multi-aged forests following the retention of the residual forest (no final cut). Here, we report mid-term results after implementing these cuttings in two EFT forests in the Coastal Range and discuss its prospects for other temperate rainforests. Methods: Two forests were sampled and evaluated in terms of composition, structure and growth, focusing on the new cohorts developed or released after the irregular shelterwood cuts. One forest was cut in a low-productivity site at 600 m (Hueicolla) in 1983, and the other in a medium-productivity site at 350 m (Llancahue) in 2009. In Hueicolla, 63% of the basal area was harvested from an old-growth forest where the main residual tree species were Eucryphia cordifolia, Laureliopsis philippiana and Saxegothaea conspicua. In Llancahue, 40% of the total basal area was harvested in a mature secondary forest dominated by Nothofagus dombeyi. Results: The understorey developed in Hueicolla had 3,600 trees per ha and a quadratic stand diameter of 15 cm. It was dominated by the mid-tolerant species Eucryphia cordifolia, Gevuina avellana and Lomatia ferruginea, plus the shade-tolerant Amomyrtus luma. In Llancahue, a dense lower canopy was dominated by Podocarpus salignus and Drimys winteri, both mid-tolerant species, which included 81,000 seedlings and saplings < 5 cm per hectare and 560 ingrowth 5-10 cm trees per hectare. Conclusions: The irregular shelterwood cuts allowed the development of dense understorey tree layers below the residual trees. However, the tree composition of the new cohorts largely differed from that of the residual trees and was dominated by mid-tolerant species, including some short-lived species. The irregular shelterwood method proves appropriate for the EFT and may likely be successful in other forest types with valuable mid-tolerant species.
智利以硬木为主的温带雨林中不规则防护林系统的中期成果和前景
背景:在可能的情况下,造林的目的应该是发展多树种混交的多树龄森林,这样的森林产量更高,抗干扰能力更强,能提供优质木材并维持更多的生物量。智利南部覆盖着以混合树种为主的温带雨林,如常绿林类型(EFT)。不规则防护林再生法是一种新颖的方法,旨在通过保留残余森林(无最终砍伐)来发展不规则的多树龄森林。在此,我们报告了在沿海山脉的两片 EFT 森林中实施这些砍伐后的中期结果,并讨论了其在其他温带雨林中的应用前景:方法:我们对两片森林进行了取样,并对其组成、结构和生长情况进行了评估,重点是不规则砍伐防护林后形成或释放的新群落。其中一片森林于 1983 年在海拔 600 米的低生产力地区(Hueicolla)砍伐,另一片于 2009 年在海拔 350 米的中等生产力地区(Llancahue)砍伐。在 Hueicolla,63% 的基部面积是从一片古老的森林中采伐的,那里的主要残留树种是 Eucryphia cordifolia、Laureliopsis philippiana 和 Saxegothaea conspicua。在 Llancahue,在一片以 Nothofagus dombeyi 为主的成熟次生林中采伐了总基部面积的 40%:在 Hueicolla 开发的林下植被每公顷有 3,600 棵树,林木的二次方直径为 15 厘米。林下主要是中等耐阴树种 Eucryphia cordifolia、Gevuina avellana 和 Lomatia ferruginea,以及耐阴树种 Amomyrtus luma。在 Llancahue,茂密的下层树冠以 Podocarpus salignus 和 Drimys winteri 为主,这两种植物都是中耐寒树种,其中包括每公顷 81,000 株小于 5 厘米的幼苗和树苗,以及每公顷 560 株 5-10 厘米的新生树木:结论:不规则的防护林砍伐使残留树木下方形成了茂密的林下树层。然而,新树群的树种组成与残留树木的树种组成有很大不同,主要是中耐寒树种,包括一些寿命较短的树种。事实证明,不规则防护林方法适用于 EFT,并有可能在具有珍贵中耐寒树种的其他森林类型中取得成功。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
13.30%
发文量
20
审稿时长
39 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science is an international journal covering the breadth of forestry science. Planted forests are a particular focus but manuscripts on a wide range of forestry topics will also be considered. The journal''s scope covers forestry species, which are those capable of reaching at least five metres in height at maturity in the place they are located, but not grown or managed primarily for fruit or nut production.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信